The ongoing development crisis that engulfed the post-colonial Nigerian state in the context of externally and internally oriented policy prescriptions, coupled with abundant natural and human resources within its territory, has continued to elicit disputes among scholars and policy makers. With the transition from a military to a democratically elected government in 1999, then President Olusegun Obasanjo, through the instrumentality of the IMF-sponsored National Economic Empowerment and Development Strategies (NEEDS), adopted and implemented, among other things, the reforms of deregulation and trade liberalization that have been proclaimed a panacea for resolving the development crisis in the country. It is in this connection that our study was saddled with the responsibility of interrogating the nexus between the adoption and subsequent implementation of the IMF-induced reforms and the persistent development crises in Nigeria in the context of ascertaining whether the adoption of IMF-imposed deregulation policy reduced the Human Development Index in Nigeria; and whether the implementation of IMF policy of liberalization of trade increased the unemployment rate in Nigeria between 2000 and 2018. With the support of the Mixed Economic Structural and Economic Nationalism Analytical Approaches, combined with the qualitative descriptive method of data analysis and the documentary method of data collection, the study argued that the deregulation and trade liberalization reforms were responsible for the decline in HDI and the increase in the unemployment rate. From this point of view, the paper recommended the implementation of a two-phase development plan and the use of a regional integration development strategy as practical solutions to Nigeria's persistent development challenges.

<em>This study examines the relationship between Nigeria and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and also traces its impact on Human Rights and Standard of living. Therefore, it assesses the impact of IMF on Human Rights and the living standards of Nigerians, as it was assumed that Nigeria's relationship with the IMF was the key cause of poverty, social insecurity, economic inequalities and a decrease in people's living standards. Primary data sources, such as official records, newspapers, journals, and books, were used to gather data for research, while the Theory of Human Rights and Dependency Theory was used as the basis for this study. The study discovered that externally enforced economic liberalization does not enhance economic development and degrades government human rights practices. The study also assumed that Nigeria's relationship with the IMF was more detrimental than positive and thus had a direct negative impact on the general standard of living of the people. It was suggested that the government should attempt to diversify the economy, reshape its relationship with international financial institutions, such as the IMF and the World Bank, and provide people with adequate facilities to raise their living standards.</em>

Past studies have shown that nations that borrow money from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have greater rates of poverty, unemployment, and inflation than countries that do not borrow from the IMF. This is despite the fact that the IMF claims that fostering economic development is one of its objectives. The IMF loans conditions that are shown to have the most detrimental impact on economies are the subject of this study, which focused, specifically on Nigeria. In order to obtain data for this research, primary data sources such as official documents, newspapers, journals, and other similar sources were utilized, and Neoliberal theory was employed as the theoretical foundation for the study. Our research showed that the IMF loan conditions of currency devaluation and subsidy removal negatively impacted not just Nigeria’s economy but also the nation’s overall standard of living. As a result, it was recommended that the government should make an effort to diversify the economy, modify its relations with international financial organizations like the IMF and the World Bank, and give the populace access to the necessary resources to improve their standard of living.

There is growing concern for corporate entities to disclose information in respect of their environmental practices as an addition to conventional economic reporting. This study explores the influence of corporate board physiognomies on environmental accounting disclosures (CEADs). The study examines the data of 13 oil and gas companies for the period of 2014 to 2020. Pool regression was used to analyse the data. The key findings of this research show that the EAD Among Nigeria’s publicly traded oil and gas firms is substantially influenced by the board financial expertise, audit committee (AC) independence and AC financial expertise. This supports the stakeholder’s theory which suggests that the board of directors as environmental representatives, protect the shareholders’ objective since more EADs will increase their reputation, appeal prospective investors and customers. While the EAD of these enterprises was unaffected by by-the--the-board independence. The study exposed the need for the regulatory agency to come up with empowering laws that can ensure that listed Nigerian oil and gas companies cuddle CEAD regardless of their size and profitability. Finally, the Global Environmental Disclosure Index (GEI) should be recognised as the most palatable benchmark for evaluating environmental accounting in Nigeria.