As prenatal exposure to certain older antiseizure medications (ASMs) has been linked with poorer neurodevelopmental outcomes in children, the use of newer ASMs throughout pregnancy has increased. The current review aimed to delineate the impact of in utero exposure to these newer ASMs on child neurodevelopment. A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature Plus, and PsycINFO was conducted, limiting results to articles available in English and published after the year 2000. Studies investigating neurodevelopmental outcomes following in utero exposure to the following ASMs were eligible for inclusion in the review: eslicarbazepine, gabapentin, lacosamide, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, perampanel, topiramate, and zonisamide. Thirty‐five publications were identified, and a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Methodological quality was variable, with distinct patterns of strengths/weaknesses attributable to design. Most studies examined lamotrigine exposure and reported nonsignificant effects on child neurodevelopment. Comparatively fewer high‐quality studies were available for levetiracetam, limiting conclusions regarding findings to date. Data for topiramate, gabapentin, and oxcarbazepine were so limited that firm conclusions could not be drawn. Concerningly, no studies investigated eslicarbazepine, lacosamide, perampanel, or zonisamide. Exposure to certain newer ASMs, such as lamotrigine and levetiracetam, does not thus far appear to impact certain aspects of neurodevelopment, but further delineation across the different neurodevelopmental domains and dosage levels is required. A lack of data cannot be inferred to represent safety of newer ASMs, which are yet to be investigated.

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Internal medicine residency programs will need to train residents about domestic violence to comply with the Residency Review Commission standards. To assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention intended to increase screening of patients for domestic violence by internal medicine resident physicians and identify characteristics associated with increased screening, we used a quasi-experimental, pretest/posttest trial. This was conducted in an internal medicine residency program and its affiliated primary care clinic with categorical internal medicine and combined medicine/pediatrics resident physicians. Exit interview surveys of patients were conducted at baseline and following the educational program. Patients were questioned about demographics and if they were asked about domestic violence during the current visit. Physicians were questioned about demographics and attitudes and beliefs related to domestic violence. Prior to the intervention, only 0.8% (1 of 122) of patients reported being asked about domestic violence. After the intervention, the percentage asked rose to 17% (20 of 116). The odds ratio (OR) for being asked about domestic violence after training was 25.2 (6.1-104). Patients who were younger than 50 years were more likely to be asked (OR 2.5, 1.5-4.6). Caucasian physicians were more likely to ask (OR 2.8, 1.1-7.6). Patients reporting they were taught breast self-examination at that day's visit were also more likely to be screened (OR 2.9, 1.1-7.9). We found evidence that moderately intense training and focusing on results can increase resident physician screening rates for domestic violence. To do so effectively, we recommend a training session similar to this one and continued monitoring of outcome in the clinical setting.

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