Aims and Objectives: This integrative review aimed to synthesise current evidence on the factors that precede and contribute to the occupational distress of emergency nurses.Background: Emergency nurses practice within an environment challenged by demand exceeding capacity, an inability of staffing to meet this demand in addition to limited resources which contribute to form a unique risk to clinician and patient safety.The risk of occupational distress, while demonstrated across specialties, is noted to be highest in emergency nurses with subsequent impacts for clinicians, organisations and patients being explored. While previous studies have examined singular outcomes or elements, a comprehensive review that considers the factors and components of the overarching occupational distress is not evident in the current published literature.Design: Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodology enabled a structured format for synthesis and analysis of literature. Methods: A review of CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psych INFO, Embase, Australian Digital Thesis Network, University Microfilm International and Google Scholar between 2014 and 2021 was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. Search terms explored the contributions of compassion fatigue, burnout, acute and post-traumatic stress disorder, and secondary traumatic stress/vicarious trauma to occupational distress. This search resulted in sixteen publications included for synthesis. Results: Literature for inclusion was identified as quantitative (seven), qualitative (six) and mixed-methods (three) studies. Factors identified as contributing to the development of occupational distress arise from the characteristics and situations of individual nurses, local organisational governance and the inherent nature of the emergency nurse role. Consequentially, there are negative impacts on patients, clinicians and healthcare organisations.

Background Practice environments have a significant impact on nurses’ practice and their retention within the oncology and hematology specialty. Understanding how specific elements of the practice environment impact nurse outcomes is important for creating supportive and safe practice environments. Objective To evaluate the impact of the practice environment on oncology and hematology nurses. Methods A scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR Statement Guidelines. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Google Scholar, and Scopus) were searched using key terms. Articles were assessed according to the eligibility criteria. Data extraction was conducted with results explained through descriptive analysis. Results One thousand seventy-eight publications were screened with 32 publications meeting the inclusion criteria. The 6 elements of the practice environment (workload, leadership, collegial relations, participation, foundations, and resources) were found to significantly impact nurses’ job satisfaction, psychological well-being, levels of burnout, and intention to leave. Negative practice environment elements were linked to increased levels of job dissatisfaction, higher levels of burnout, greater prevalence of psychological distress, and greater intention to leave both oncology and hematology nursing and the nursing profession. Conclusions The practice environment has a significant impact on nurses, their job satisfaction, well-being, and intention to stay. This review will inform future research and forthcoming practice change to provide oncology and hematology nurses with practice environments that are safe and lead to positive nurse outcomes. Implications for Practice This review provides a foundation upon which to develop and implement tailored interventions that best support oncology and hematology nurses to remain in practice and provide high-quality care.