Background. In low-income countries, pain-free labor initiative is an emerging concept and still parturient undergoes through painful labor; this is not different in Ethiopia; despite the national direction to use analgesia for labor pain and strong demand from the women, evidence on utilization of obstetric analgesia for labor pain management in Ethiopia is scarce. The objective of this study was to assess level of obstetric analgesia utilization and associated factors among obstetric care providers in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was used. All obstetric care providers working in labor and delivery units in public hospitals in Addis Ababa were included. The data were collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. After checking for completeness, data were entered into Epi-data 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with utilization of obstetric analgesia. Result. Of 391 obstetric care providers included in the study, 143 (36.6%; 95% CI: 31.5–40.9%) reported providing labor analgesia. Having adequate knowledge (AOR 2.7; 95% CI: 1.37–5.23), ten and more years of work experience (AOR 4.3; 95% CI: 1.81–10.13), and availability of analgesics (AOR 3.3; 95% CI: 1.99–5.53) were significantly associated with providing labor analgesia. Conclusion. Slightly more than 3 in 10 obstetric care providers reported providing labor analgesics to women. Training of providers and ensuring adequate supply of analgesics is required to make sure that women in labor would not suffer from labor pain.

Background Increasing access to family planning helps to ensure the reproductive right, decrease unintended pregnancy, improve the health and nutritional status of children, reduction of maternal mortality, and enhance longer birth spacing. However, there is continually low utilization of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods among low and middle-income countries. This study aimed to assess the utilization of long acting and permanent contraceptive methods (LAPMs) and associated factors among women of reproductive age in the West Guji Zone, Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 507 women of reproductive age in the West Guji Zone, Southwest Ethiopia from April 15 to May 15, 2018. Data were collected by a structured, pretested, and interview-based questionnaire with open ended and closed ended questionnaire, then entered, and analyzed by SPSS Version 20. Bivariable and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out. A 95% confidence interval (CI) AND P-value < 0.05 was considered to declare statistically significant variables. Result The current utilization of LAPMs at West Guji zone among the reproductive-aged group was found to be 51.1%. More than the median of participants had negative altitude (72.4%) and poor knowledge (57%) towards the LAPMs. Educational status of women, the number of alive children, acceptance of utilization of LAPMs, how treated by other staff, and waiting time during service delivery are significant determinant factors of LAPMs. Conclusion Overall, more than half of women had a negative attitude and poor knowledge of LAPMs. Educational status of women, the number of alive children, acceptance of utilization of LAPMs, how treated by other staff, and waiting time during service delivery were factors affecting utilization of LAPMs. Therefore, sustained, and appropriate information on LAPMs should be provided to raise knowledge and build the attitude of women and the community. Treating the clients with respect, reducing the waiting time, and collaborative work with health extension worker will enhance utilization of LAPMs.

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Background Induction of labor is defined as iatrogenic stimulation of uterine contractions to cause the delivery of fetus before the onset of spontaneous labour. An unfavorable cervix is a critical factor the obstetrician must overcome to improve the efficacy of induction of labor. At present, both medical and mechanical methods have been applied for cervical ripening in women with an unfavorable cervix. In developing countries like Ethiopia, conventionally cheap and feasible method used for preinduction cervical ripening is transcervical Foley’s catheter and misoprostol become practically important. So this study is designed to investigate the effectiveness of the most commonly ripening techniques (Foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol) in Gedeo zone. Method This is a quasi-experimental study to compare the effectiveness of Foley catheter and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening for labor induction. It was conducted in 120 pregnant mothers coming for induction who fulfil the inclusion criteria. Sixty mothers were assigned to the Foley catheter (group 1) and the remaining 60 mothers were grouped to misoprostol (group 2). Data was collected consecutively with a structured tool for both groups by trained data collector. Data analysis was done using the SPSS version 25. Chi-square analysis was used for comparing proportions of categorical variables while the student’s independent ’t’ test was used for comparing means of continuous variables where applicable. To calculate the time intervals, log rank test life table was used. P- Value was calculated to declare level of statistical significance at P < 0.05. Result the 41(68.3%) participants of folley catheter group and the 49(81.7%) of misoprostol group had favourable cervix within the 24 hrs. The mean time interval from the starting of ripening to favourable cervix was found shorter in the misoprostol group (10.27 ± 2.506) than the Foley catheter group (11.78 ± 2.151). In the induction of labor incidence of meconium was more in the misoprostol group than the Foley catheter group. The successful outcome of the induction was 33(80.5%) in Foley catheter group and (35(71.4%) misoprostol group. The mean time interval between starting of induction to delivery was almost the same between the two groups (7.56 + 2.97) and (6.96 + 2.226) respectively.

Background: Increasing access to family planning helps to ensure the reproductive right, decrease unintended pregnancy, improve the health and nutritional status of children, reduction of maternal mortality, and enhance longer birth spacing . There is continually low utilization of long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods among low and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to assess the Utilization of Long-Acting and permanent Contraceptive methods and associated factors among Women of Reproductive Age in the West Guji Zone.Methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional design was conducted among women of reproductive age in the West Guji Zone. A systematic random sampling method was used to select study subjects for the survey with a sample size of 507. Descriptive analysis was utilized to summarize the data while logistic regression to assess factors influencing the utilization of Long-Acting and permanent Contraceptive methods use. Statistical significance was declared for variables outcomes of the P-value less than 0.05.Result: Current utilization of Long-Acting And permanent Contraceptive methods at West Guji zone among the reproductive-aged group was 51.1%. More than the median of participants had negative altitude (72.4%) and poor knowledge (57%) towards the long-acting and permanent contraceptive methods. Educational status of women, the number of alive children, acceptance of utilization of Long-Acting and permanent Contraceptive methods, how treated by other staff, and waiting time during service delivery are significant determinant factors of long-acting and permanent family planning methods. Conclusion: Educational status, number of alive children ( Parity) , acceptance of Long-Acting And permanent Contraceptive methods , how treated by other staff, and waiting time to get the service are statistically significant predictors of utilization of long-acting and permanent family planning methods. More than half of women had a negative attitude and poor knowledge of Long-Acting and permanent Contraceptive methods.