Considerable evidence suggests that oxidative stress plays an important role in tissue damage associated with hypoglycemia and other metabolic disorders. The altered brain neurotransmitters metabolism, cerebral electrolyte contents, and impaired blood-brain barrier function may contribute to CNS dysfunction in hypoglycemia. The present study elucidates the effect of starvation and insulin-induced hypoglycemia on the free radical scavanger system--reduced glutathione (GSH) content, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP), gamma-glutamyl cystein synthetase (gamma-GCS), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes I-IV from three different regions of rat brain, namely cerebral hemispheres (CH), cerebellum (CB), and brainstem (BS). Peripheral organs, such as liver and kidney, were also studied. Significant changes in these enzymic activities were observed. The analysis of such alterations is important in ultimately determining the basis of neuronal dysfunction during metabolic stress conditions, such as hypoglycemia, and also defining the nature of these changes may help to develop therapeutic means to cure metabolically stressed tissues.

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A novel series of 2,5‐disubstituted‐1,3,4‐oxadiazoles decorated with two biodynamic moieties pyridine and 1,2,3‐triazole have been successfully synthesized in good yields under mild reaction conditions. The synthesized compounds are valuable for biological activity exploration since three biodynamic moieties are covalently linked together in a single molecular framework. All the synthesized compounds were fully characterized by their detailed spectral studies IR, 1HNMR, 13C NMR and Mass.

Malaria still remains uncontrolled affecting millions and killing many. We have found the high chloroquine-resistance in Rajasthan epidemic which contains multiple P.falciparum strains. Large number of variant P.falciparum strains exist in India which should be taken into account for future malaria control strategies. We have characterised several parasite molecules which are involved in the hostparasite interaction. They can be used to develop the molecular therapy or antimalarial drugs for malaria. The parasite enzymes described by us will be quite useful in this regard, particularly in drug development.