The next-generation library integrated systems (ILS) are becoming increasingly popular throughout the world. However, determining appropriate decision-making aids for the implementation and maintenance of the next-generation ILS is complicated and difficult to manage. This chapter is based on a systematic literature review related to the adoption and maintenance of next-generation ILS in academic libraries published between 2016-2022. Roger's diffusion of innovation (DoI) was used as a framework to examine ways of understanding and accepting new technologies. Existing research indicates that academic libraries in South Africa are using next-generation ILS to ensure interoperability between the various systems, platforms, and devices that are part of modern library systems. Despite its potential benefits, there are significant barriers to the adoption of ILS such as lack of technical knowledge and skills in using emerging technologies and the perception among LIS professionals worldwide that they will negatively impact their jobs and lead to unemployment.