Summary. A time-dependent study of the formation, distribution and destruction of atmospheric ozone is made for a meridional plane between 15 km and 4b km under the assumption of zonal symmetry. Included are time-effects of photochemistry, advection and turbulence, using presently available information on theoretical and observational data. The attempt is made to investigate the important part played by pure photochemistry, by the various transport processes and by the combination of both.In the photochemical calculations the equations of a pure oxygen photochemistry and solar ultraviolet energy data obtained from recent rocket observations are used. MtrRCATROYD and SINOLETO~'S results of a "possible meridional circulation" and PRABHA~ZARA' S pattern of large-scale eddy diffusion, derived from the spread of radioactive tungsten in the stratosphere, are assumed to be the basic transport meachanisms.Several combinations of these non-photochemical processes are tested in the model and compared with recent observations. The relatively largest seasonal variations of the O3-concentration take place in the upper stratosphere with a maximum concentration in the high-latitude winter-hemisphere. In the midstratosphere the maximum concentration appears over the equatorial latitudes following the sun's position. In the lower stratosphere the highest Os-concentrations are over the polar latitudes throughout the year.The seasonal variation of the total ozone at middle and high latitudes can be explained by photochemical effects, the increase of total ozone with increas-1 This investigation was begun while the author was on leave at the National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, USA. R~sum6. On examine ici la formation, la propagation et la destruction de l'ozone atmosph6rique dans un profil m6ridien entre 15 et 45 km d'altitude. Pour cela, on admet une sym6trie zonale et qu'il s'agit d'un probl~me non stationnaire. On consid6re les influences de la photochimie, de l'advection et de la turbulence en fonefion du temps. On essaie d'6tudier au m oyen d'un module num6rique l'importance des influences de la seule photoehimie, des dlff6rents processus de transport ainsi que la combinaison des deux ph6nom~nes. Dans ce but, on utilise les valeurs th6oriques et exp6rimentales dlsponibles actuellemcnt.Dans le calcul photochimique, on utilise aussi bien les 6quations de la photochimie pure de l'oxyg&ne que des valeurs de l'6nergie solaire disponible, obtenues au moyen de mesures effectu6es avec des fus6es. Comme m6eanismes de transport, on prend cn consideration les r~sultats des 6tudes de MURGATROYD et SINGLETON sur une "circulation m6ridionale possible" ainsi que les valeurs de 13 turbulence des grands espaces utilis6es par PRABHAKARA. Ces derni~res d~coulent de la diss6mination du wolfram radioaetif. On fair figurer dans le module diverses combinaisons de ces grandeurs de transport et on compare les r~sultats alnsi obtenus aux observations les plus rfieentes.Les variations saisonni~res relativement les plus importan...
ZusammenfassungEs wird ein zweidimensionales, meridionales Ozon-Modell ffir die Stratosph/ire beschrieben, das den Jahresgang der Konzentrationen zwischen Sfidpol und Nordpol und zwischen 15 km un4 45 km H6he simuliert. In der photochemischen OzonProduktionsgleichung werden die wichfigsten Reaktionen des Wasserstoff-Sauerstoff-Systems nach Chapman-Hampson in Ansatz gebracbt. Ferner werden Transport-und Austauscbvorg/inge beriicksichtigt, wobei neuere Ergebnisse hinsichtlich der Zirkulation und der groBr~iumigen Turbulenz im Modell getestet werden.In den vier Mo4ell-Rechnungen, die in dieser Arbeit pr/isentiert werden, sind verschiedene Kombinationen der ffir den Ozonhaushalt relevanten atmosph~irischen Parameter verwendet worden. Im vierten dieser Experimente ist yon der Vorgabe des jahreszeitlichen Verlaufes der Temperatur, einem wesentlichen Parameter in den Sauerstoff-Reaktionen der Ozon-Photochemie, abgesehen worden. Der Jahresgang derTemperaturen, ebenso wie der der Ozon-Konzentrationen, wird bier vielmehr in einem kombinierten Ozon-Strahlungs-Modell berechnet. Auf die Theorie des kurzwelligen und langwelligen Strahlungsfiberganges in den Banden der Absorber H20, COs und 03 wird eingegangen.Die in den vier Experimenten naeh einer Integrationszeit yon einem Jahr fiir den Monat Mfirz berechneten Ozon-Konzentrationen werden diskutiert un4 gegenfibergesteltt. Sowohl die theoretiseh ermittelten Ozon-Konzentrationen als auch die theoretisch gefundenen und mit ersteren konsistenten meridionalen TemperaturVerteilungen werden mit Mei~ergebnissen verglichen. R. GEBHART Summary A Theoretical Model for the Seasonal Variations of the Meridional Distribution of Stratospheric OzoneA two-dimensional meridional ozone-model is presented that simulates the seasonal variation of the ozone concentrations between 15 km and 45 km altituc~e and frmn pole to pole. The Chapman-Hampson approximation to the "wet" photochemical reactions of the oxygen-hydrogen-system is used in the ozone production equation. Adveetive and turbulent effects are also taken into account. Recent findings on the stratospheric circulation pattern as well as on the large scale eddy diffusion are tested in the model.The results of four mod~el-calculations are described which have been obtained from various combinations of the relevant atmospheric ozone parameters. The seasonal variation of the stratospheric temperature, an essential parameter in the "dry" photochemical reactions, is not taken from observations in one of these experiments; it is, in this case, rather calculated along with the ozone variations in a joint radiation-ozone-photochemistry-modeh The application of the theory of radiative transfer to the evaluation of the shortwave and longwave heating-rates in the bands of H~O, CO2 and 03 is briefly discussed.The time-dependent ozone-model has been integrate~ over a period of one year in all experiments. Results for the month of March are presented and compared with observed ozone and temperature distributions.
Summary. Hitherto absorption of solar radiation has completely been disregarded when investigating how a CO 2 increase of the atmosphere modifies the earth's climate. It can be shown that shortwave and longwave influence of a higher CO 2 concentration counteract each other. The temperature change at the earth's surface is A T = + 1.20 C when the present concentration is doubled.Zusammenfassung. In den Untersuchungen fiber den Einflut~ des atmosph~i-rischen Kohlens/iuregehaltes auf das Klima der Erde wurde bisher die Absorption kurzwelliger Sonnenstrahlung v611ig aut~er acht gelassen. Es kann gezeigt werden, dab der kurzwellige und der langwellige Einflut~ einer h6heren CO2-Konzentration einander entgegenwirken. Ffir den Fall einer Verdopplung des gegenw/irtigen Kohlens~iuregehaltes wird eine Temperatur/inderung an der Erdoberfl/iche yon A T = + 1,2 ~ C berechnet.RfisumC Jusqu'5. pr6sent l'absorption du rayonnement solaire de courte longueur d'onde n'a pas 6t6 prise en considfration dans les recherches de l'influence de la concentration du CO~ de l'atmosph~re sur te climat de la terre. I1 peut fitre d6montr6 que les influences du rayonnement de courte et de grande longueur d'onde agissent l'une contre l'autre. La variation de la tempfrature de la surface de la terre est A T = + 1.20 C si la concentration pr6sente est doubl6e.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
customersupport@researchsolutions.com
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.
Copyright © 2025 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.