No abstract

The importance of vegetable oils and oilseeds, which have an important role in human nutrition and many branches of industry, is increasing day by day. Soybean is one of the most important industrial plants in the world. Despite having the most suitable agricultural land to cultivate soybean, Turkey meets through imports almost all of its soybean needs. The aim of this study is to determine the suitability of soybean genotypes as second crop production for Diyarbakır conditions. In this study, KA-04.03.07, KA-04.06.01, KKMA-118, KSA-26, S-02.14.11, S-03.03.7, Sa-01.08.15 advance lines and Arısoy, Blaze, SA-88 Bravo, Ataem-7, Umut-2002 and GAPSOY-16 varieties were used as materials. According to the results of the research, average grain yield of genotypes was 2,37 t/ha and highest grain yield was obtained from GAPSOY-16 (4,00 t/ha) variety, followed by S-03.03.7 line (3.66 t/ha). The lowest grain yield value was obtained from Umut-2002 (1,33 t/ha) variety. As a result of the correlation analysis, a positive and significant relationship was found between grain yield and thousand grain weight. It is concluded that GAPSOY-16 variety and S-03.03.7 line can be successfully grown as second crop in Diyarbakır province.

Double haploid (DH) teknolojisi son yıllarda gelişmiş ıslah programlarında yaygın olarak kullanılan bir araç haline gelmiştir.Mısır ıslahında in vivo double-haploid yöntemiyle saf hat elde etme, ıslahta zaman ve maliyet yönünden büyük avantaj sağlamakta ve ıslah süresini 6 yıl kadar kısaltmaktadır. Ayrıca daha fazla kendilenmiş hattın kolayca elde edilmesi ıslahtan elde edilecek başarı oranını artırmaktadır. Double-haploid saf hatlar %100 homozigot olmaları nedeniyle konvansiyonel yöntemle elde edilmiş kendilenmiş hatlara kıyasla daha yüksek genetik stabiliteye sahiptirler.Araştırmada maternal in vivo double-haploid yönteminin yukarıda sayılan avantajlarından faydalanılması hedeflenmiş ve haploid tohumlara kromozom katlaması tekniği başarıyla uygulanmıştır. DH tekniği ile geliştirilen n kromozomlu 12 adet haploid genotip, 2019 yılında Dicle Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarla Bitkileri bölümüne ait laboratuvar, bitki yetiştirme kabini ve sera koşullarında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada kullanılan 12 genotipte kromozom katlanma işlemi başarıyla gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu genotiplere ait bazı agronomik özellikler incelenmiştir. Kendilenmiş double-haploid bitkilerde incelenen agronomik özellikler neticesinde DZM-45 ve DZM-7 genotiplerinin diğer hatlara üstünlük sağlayarak kendilenmiş hat olabilme potansiyelinde olduğu gözlemlenmiştir.

The selection of genotypes suitable for the purpose determined in breeding studies is important for the healthy conduct of the study. At this point, it is essential to characterize the population created. In the study, the morphological characteristics of some advanced bread wheat lines under field conditions were investigated. Plant height (46.73-67.20 cm), spike length (6.47-9.08 cm), number of spikelets per spike (15.20-18.67 pieces/spike), number of grains per spike (27.00-53.43 pieces/spike), grain weight per spike (1.11-1.82 g), thousand grain weight (30.02-42.88 g) and grain yield (134.58-346.33 kg/da) were determined in the study which was carried out in three replications according to the randomized blocks experimental design with two control varieties of 18 bread wheat lines. As a result of the study, it was determined that there are genotypes that stand out especially in terms of ear structure, and DZT-11 and DZT-17 lines are ideal genotypes in terms of ear characteristics and DZT-4 line is the ideal genotypes in terms of highest grain yield.

Organic fertilizers are the basis of sustainable agriculture and an important resource in plant nutrition as well. The research was conducted out in the greenhouse conditions of the Dicle University Faculty of Agriculture, Diyarbakır, Turkey in 2020. The effects of 14 different organic fertilizers on grain yield, yield components, morphology and physiology properties of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L) were examined. It was found that sheep manure (3,56 g/plant) among - used fertilizers have a greater effect on both the growth and yield components of wheat in comparison with other organic fertilizers. The grain yield and biomass yield obtained from sheep manure among organic fertilizers have been determined to be competitive with commercial fertilizers. It was revealed that certain organic fertilizers had no effect on grain yield or biomass yield as compared to the control level of no fertilizers. According to the research results, it would be appropriate to use chicken and sheep manure in order to obtain an optimal wheat yield in the organic farming system.