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Purpose of reviewWe review the literature regarding the use of dyes and fluorescence-guided visualization techniques in gynaecological surgery. We also discuss advances in imaging that may enhance surgery by incorporating real-time visual feedback through augmented reality and preoperative planning with patient-specific, threedimensional printed surgical fields. Recent findingsMethylene blue is one of the most commonly used dyes, while indocyanine green is the most used agent in fluorescence-guided surgery. Augmented reality and three-dimensional printing are also being increasingly used in gynaecology. SummaryDyes and fluorescence-based surgeries are commonly utilized to improve anatomic identification, preservation of healthy tissue and excision of disease. In addition, we explore how augmented reality and three-dimensional printing are used in gynaecology.

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