OBJECTIVE: To report the design, methodology and initial results of the National Socioeconomic Survey of Access to Health of the EsSalud Insured. RESULTS: There were interviews in 25,000 homes, surveying 79,874 people, of which 62,659 were affiliated to EsSalud. The insured people are mainly males (50.6%) with a higher technical education level (39.7%). The insured population has mostly independent (95.0%) and own (68.1%) home. Only 34.5% of the insured practice some sport or physical exercise; 14.0% of the population suffers from a chronic disease; 3.5% have diabetes; and 7.1%, arterial hypertension. In the last three months, 35.4% of the members needed medical attention; of these, only 73.1% received health care and the remaining 10.9% were treated in pharmacies or non-formal health care services. RESULTS: The 25,000 homes were interviewed, surveying 79,874 people, of which 62,659 were affiliated to EsSalud. The insured people are mainly males (50.6%) with a higher technical education level (39.7%). The insured population has mostly independent (95.0%) and own (68.1%) home. Only 34.5% of the insured practice some sport or physical exercise; 14.0% of the population suffers from a chronic disease; 3.5% have diabetes; and 7.1%, arterial hypertension. In the last three months, 35.4% of the members needed medical attention; of these, only 73.1% received health care and the remaining 10.9% were treated in pharmacies or non-formal health care services. CONCLUSIONS: This survey is the first performed in the population of EsSalud affiliates, applied at the national level, and has socio-economic and demographic data of the insured, their distribution, risk factors of health, prevalence of health problems and the degree of access to health services.
La presente investigación ha pretendido organizar analizar y presentar los indicadores sintéticos más relevantes que permiten analizar en forma integral y complementaria, las condiciones demográficas, sociales y económicas de los departamentos. Por tal motivo se ha elegido indicadores de pobreza, desarrollo humano, competitividad, incorporando para cerrar el círculo, un índice de nivel de vida, que concentran muchainformación. En efecto, el porcentaje de pobres según la pobreza monetaria, nos cuantifica el segmento de la población cuyos gastos no alcanzan para una canasta mínima de consumo. El desarrollo humano es un indicador de toda la población relacionado con las condiciones de educación, salud e ingreso. En el ámbito económico, el índice de competitividad sintetiza la institucionalidad, infraestructura, salud, educación, innovación, ambiente, evolución sectorial y desempeño económico que se presenta en la población del departamento. A partir de un conjunto de indicadores demográficos, sociales y económicos, se ha elaborado un indicador que sintetiza las condiciones y calidad de vida de la población peruana. A fin de efectuar el estudio relacional entre los indicadores; por cada uno de ellos se ha revisado su metodología a fin de conocer la naturaleza y precisar lo que mide cada indicador. Es importante mencionar, que los aportes de la investigación está referida a la aplicación del análisis factorial y el de componentes principales como instrumento para el análisis multivariado como paso previo para obtener el índice de nivel de vida. En particular se presenta el proceso detallado para obtener el indicador sintético de nivel de vida de los aspectos relacionados con la educación.Finalmente se presenta una comparación de los diferentes índices por tema a nivel departamental, que facilite el análisis de los niveles de vida entre departamentossegún tema.
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