RESUMO -A banana é a principal fruta no comércio internacional e a mais popular no mundo. A produção de sementes sintéticas vem destacando-se como uma importante técnica para a micropropagação e conservação in vitro de várias espécies. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da composição da matriz de encapsulamento na conversão de microbrotos de banana cv. Prata-Anã clone Gorutuba. Os microbrotos de banana cv. Prata-Anã clone Gorutuba foram encapsulados, empregando-se na matriz alginato de sódio: água destilada e MS (50% e 100%), acrescidos ou não com carvão ativado (1,5 g L -1 ) em duas épocas de avaliação (15 e 30 dias). Foram testados três níveis de BAP (0; 3; 6 mg L -1 ) adicionados ou não a 2,5 mg L -1de ANA, em duas épocas de avaliação (15 e 30 dias). Os dois experimentos foram inteiramente casualizados, sendo um fatorial 3 x 2 x 2, com seis repetições e cinco unidades encapsuláveis por parcela. Aos quinze dias, avaliou-se a conversão, e aos 30 dias, avaliou-se conversão, altura e enraizamento das plantas. A constituição da cápsula quando se utilizaram diferentes concentrações de meio MS, com ou sem a presença de carvão ativado, não influenciou na taxa de conversão e na altura das plantas. As cápsulas sem adição de reguladores de crescimento resultaram em melhor conversão dos microbrotos; entretanto, a concentração de 3 mg L -1 de BAP+2,5 mg L -1 de ANA proporcionaram maior altura de plantas. A maior taxa de enraizamento ocorre nas cápsulas contendo MS 100% e carvão ativado, e nas cápsulas com 0 e 3 mg L -1 de BAP, independentemente da adição de ANA. Aos 30 dias, é obtida maior conversão das sementes sintéticas. Termos para indexação: Semente sintética, Musa sp., fitorreguladores,carvão ativado. INFLUENCE OF THE COMPOSITION OF ENCAPSULATION MATRIX OF MICROSHOOTS OF BANANA (Musa sp.) CV. PRATA-ANÃ GORUTUBA CLONEABSTRACT -Banana is the main fruit in the international trade and the most popular one in the world. The production of synthetic seeds comes highlighting itself as an important technique for the micropropagation and in vitro conservation of several species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the composition of the encapsulation matrix in the conversion of microshoots of banana cv. Prata Anã Gorutuba clone. The microshoots of banana cv. Prata-Anã Gorutuba clone were encapsulated being used in the sodium alginate matrix: water and MS (50 % and 100 %), added or not with active charcoal (1.5 g L -1 ) in two evaluation periods (15 and 30 days). Three levels of BAP (0, 3, 6 mg L -1 ) added or not to 2.5 mg L -1 of NAA were tested in two evaluation periods (15 and 30 days). The two experiments were entirely at random, being a factorial 3 x 2 x 2, with six repetitions and five encapsulated units per plot. On the fifteenth day evaluated the conversion, on the 30th day evaluated the conversion, the height and the rooting of the plants. The capsule constitution, when different MS medium concentrations were used, with or without the presence of active charcoal, did not influence the...

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o cultivo in vitro da bananeira Prata Anã (Musa spp.), clone Gorutuba, em diferentes volumes de meio líquido, nos sistemas estacionário e sob agitação, comparando-os com o cultivo tradicional em meio semissólido. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, sendo um fatorial 5 x 2 + 1, com cinco volumes (10, 15, 20, 25 e 30 mL) de meio líquido e dois sistemas de cultivo (agitação e estacionário) e a testemunha (meio semissólido), com quatro repetições, sendo cada parcela constituída por um frasco com quatro explantes. O número de brotações por explante, observado pela testemunha no terceiro subcultivo, diferiu de alguns tratamentos em meio líquido. No quarto subcultivo, o número de brotações por explante da testemunha diferiu de todos os tratamentos em meio líquido e o sistema de cultivo sob agitação favoreceu um número de brotações por explante significativamente superior ao obtido pelo sistema estacionário. Na fase de alongamento e enraizamento, os resultados verificados em meio líquido foram melhores que os da testemunha. Comparando-se os dois sistemas de cultivo em meio líquido, constatou-se melhor crescimento das plântulas que permaneceram sob agitação com o volume de 30 mL. O cultivo em meio semissólido é mais eficiente na fase de multiplicação in vitro; nas fases de alongamento e de enraizamento, o melhor sistema a ser adotado é o cultivo em meio líquido sob agitação, com o volume de 30 mL.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of nitrogen fertilization associated with water-retaining as to the quality of lettuce seeds at different moisture levels. The experimental design used was composed of randomized blocks, in a 2 x 5 + 1 factorial scheme, with two moisture levels (50 and 75% field capacity) and five doses of nitrogen (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 kg ha-1, with the addition of water-retaining gel, besides an additional treatment, without gel addition, with moisture at a level of 100% field capacity and standard nitrogen fertilization (100 kg ha-1), which will consist of the control treatment, with five replications. The analyzed variables were: water content, germination, germination speed index, electrical conductivity, and accelerated aging. The evaluated factors showed no significant interaction, for most of the analyzed variables, with the exception of the germination speed index. For germination, there was significant effect for the ‘levels of moisture in the substrate’ factor. Comparing the means of the treatments with the control, for electrical conductivity, all treatments had lower EC values, which indicate better vigor. It is concluded that using water-retaining gel associated with nitrogen fertilization allows the use of lower levels of moisture in the substrate (50%), without affecting the quality of the produced seeds. N doses fr

Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) has aroused interest from producers, leading to an intense demand for technical information, especially for obtaining quality seedlings. The objective of this study was to evaluate passion fruit seedlings according to age and morphological characteristics. The experiment was carried out at the seedling nursery of the State University of Montes Claros, Campus Janaúba-MG, Brazil, from March to June 2017. The cultivars BRS Gigante Amarelo, BRS Rubi do Cerrado, BRS Pérola do Cerrado and Redondo Amarelo were evaluated, distributed in randomized blocks with five replications, in a split-plot scheme (4 × 4). There was an adjustment of the model (IQM = 6.3857 − 0.3892 NL + 3.3512 SD − 0.2063 SPAD + 0.0730 LA), which proposes a quality parameter of passion fruit seedlings, high level of significance and coefficient of determination, necessary for the reliability and accuracy of the results obtained. Considering the proposed model (IQM), there is no need for destructive analysis, and evaluations can be performed in the nursery itself as soon as a seedling lot reaches the recommended height of 30 cm. The evaluated characteristics contribute significantly to the quality of the seedling, and it is recommended, besides the height measurement, to evaluate the number of leaves, the stem diameter, the leaf area and the SPAD index, because the combination of these parameters will guarantee the necessary quality of the seedlings to be transplanted in the field.

Modification of in vitro culture environment can improve the development of plants, obtaining higher morphological and physiological quality. The objective of this work was to analyze the influence of different luminous spectrums as well as different doses of auxin NAA on in vitro development of cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill). The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in factorial scheme 4 x 3 (Luminous spectrums x NAA doses), corresponding to four luminous spectrums: red, green, blue and white, and three doses of NAA 1, 2 and 3 mg. L-1. A total of 12 treatments with 6 replications were applied including 1 plant per repetition. Cactus pear plants were introduced on MS culture medium solidified with 7% agar, and pH adjusted to 5.8. We observed higher development of plants (growth and rooting) under luminous spectrums, 30 and 60 days after plant establishment (red and green). At concentrations of 1 and 2 mg L-1 of NAA we observed better height of the plants, 30 and 60 days after establishment. The luminous spectrums red and green influenced the in vitro development of cactus pear plants. The best doses to promote better plant growth are 1 and 2 mg. L-1 of NAA.