Subclinical hyperthyroidism affects cardiovascular autonomic balance in otherwise apparently healthy nonelderly females by blunting vagal responses.

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Subclinical hyperthyroidism (SH) may be responsible for many cardiovascular changes, including an impaired exercise performance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the response to the treadmill cardiopulmonary test in patients with SH. We studied 14 female patients from our endocrine clinic with exogenous SH, free from cardiovascular diseases, with mean age of 38.6 +/- 10.2 years, body mass index (BMI) of 24.4 +/- 4.0 kg/m(2), and disease duration of 4.9 +/- 4.9 years. The mean serum thyrotropin (TSH) was 0.03 +/- 0.03 mU/L, serum free thyroxine (FT(4)), 1.72 +/- 0.21 ng/dL, and serum triiodothyronine level, 137 +/- 32 ng/dL. The control group comprised 15 euthyroid, healthy women, with mean age of 35.4 +/- 7.4 years and BMI of 27.3 +/- 5.9 kg/m(2). Both groups had a sedentary lifestyle and underwent the cardiopulmonary test using a treadmill with the Balke protocol. Gas concentrations and the respiratory outflow were measured and the electrocardiogram (ECG) was registered in real time. We calculated the minute ventilation (V(E)), the oxygen consumption (peak VO(2)), the carbonic gas exhalation (peak VCO(2)) and the anaerobic threshold (AT). The heart rate (HR) at rest (90.9 +/- 15.7 versus 78.9 +/- 8.7 beats per minute; p = 0.03) was higher in the patients from our clinic. There was no difference between groups regarding age, BMI, fat percentage, blood pressure, peak HR, exercise duration, mean treadmill peak inclination, V(E), peak VO(2), peak VCO(2), and AT. There was no correlation between peak VO(2) and FT(4), TSH, or disease duration. Our results show that exercise capacity in young and middle-aged female patients is not significantly affected by exogenous SH.

RESUMOPara avaliar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em diabéticos tipo 1 (DM1), estudamos 170 pacientes (89F/81M; 14 crianças, 51 adolescentes e 105 adultos, com 24,4±11,9 anos) e correlacionamos seus dados antropométricos com fatores demográficos e clínicos. A prevalência de obesidade, sobrepeso e/ou risco de sobrepeso foi de 21,2% (n= 36). Houve uma correlação de 0,97 entre o score z do IMC e o percentil do IMC (p= 0,00) no grupo de crianças e adolescentes. Houve diferença na PAS (p= 0,004) e na PAD (p= 0,0007) entre pacientes com IMC normal e alterado. Ocorreu uma tendência a um aumento progressivo da medida da cintura com os níveis de PA (p= 0,0000). O IMC foi dependente da idade (OR: 1,04, 95% IC = 1,01-1,07; p= 0,008) na análise multivariada. Na análise stepwise, a PAS foi dependente da cintura (r= 0,57; p= 0,00) e da idade (r= 0,63; p= 0,00) e a PAD, da cintura (r= 0,53; p= 0,00). A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade nos DM1 parece refletir a tendência mundial de aumento de peso e suas conseqüências clínicas, reforçando a necessidade do controle de peso nestes pacientes. To evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in type 1 diabetes (DM1), we studied 170 subjects (89F/81M, 14 children, 51 adolescents and 105 adults, mean age 24.4±11.9y) and correlated anthropometric data with demographic and clinical factors. The prevalence of obesity, overweight and/or overweight risk was 21.2% (n= 36). Among children and adolescents BMI z score and BMI percentile were highly correlated (r= 0.97; p= 0.00). SBP (p= 0.004) and DBP (p= 0.0007) were different between patients with normal and high BMI. A trend for increase waist circumference (WC) was observed in the groups with different BP (p= 0.0000). By multivariate analysis BMI was age-dependent (OR: 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01-1.07; p= 0.008). Using stepwise analysis SBP was dependent of WC (r= 0.57; p= 0.00) and age (r= 0.63; p= 0.00) and DBP was dependent of WC (r= 0.53; p= 0.00). The prevalence of overweight and obesity seems to reflect the global tendency of weight excess and their clinical outcomes. Awareness of overweight in DM1 needs to be intensified. A OBESIDADE ESTÁ EMERGINDO rapidamente como epidemia global, provocando grande impacto na saúde pública por estar associada com várias comorbidades endócrinas e metabólicas, incluindo diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2), hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e dislipidemia (1,2), artigo original