Enzymatic hydrolysis of soybean milk proteins with cysteine protease papain was performed in an advanced bioreactor, operated with batch mode. In soybean milk protein hydrolysis reaction, enzyme and substrate ratio and reaction temperature were varied, ranging from 0.029:100-0.457:100 and 30-60 • C, respectively. The degree of hydrolysis of soybean milk proteins was increased with increase of enzyme and substrate (soybean milk protein) ratio. However, the degree of hydrolysis was increased due to change of reaction temperature from 30 • C to 60 • C with enzyme and substrate ratio 0.229:100 and was reduced when hydrolysis reaction was performed with enzyme and substrate ratio 0.11:100 at hydrolysis temperature 60 • C. Antioxidant capacity of enzyme-treated milk had a similar trend with degree of hydrolysis. In a later exercise, a membrane bioreactor was adopted for continuous production of antioxidant and antibacterial peptides from soybean milk. The membrane bioreactor was operated for 12 h with constant feeding. Ceramic-made tubular membrane with a pore size 20 nm was used. Application of static turbulence promoter in a membrane separation process was investigated and its positive effects, with respect to higher permeate flux and lower energy consumption in filtration process, were proven. Antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus of enzyme-hydrolyzed milk and permeate from membrane were confirmed.

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The transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 in a community can be monitored by a wastewater-based epidemiological approach due to fecal shedding. Although sewage surveillance has gained a considerable amount of attention over the last 16 months, an indirect issue within the topic is whether traditional wastewater treatment technologies are sufficiently efficient to eliminate the genetic material of SARS-CoV-2. Samples were taken from the Wastewater Treatment Plant in Nagykanizsa before the virus was concentrated, nucleic acid extracted and SARS-CoV-2 detected by RT-qPCR (Quantitative reverse transcription PCR). The influent and primary treated samples tested positive, while after the secondary treatment, all the results were negative. Consequently, the activated sludge process proved to be efficient in terms of the removal of SARS-CoV-2.