The desliming operation to discharge ultrafine particles less than 20 µm prior to concentration by flotation is a common practice in phosphate ores beneficiation plants. The first industrial application for the beneficiation of the phosphate material with particle sizes <44 µm in Brazil was in the Araxá plant concentrator in the beginning of the 1980s. This work shows the comparative flotation results with two different phosphate slime samples (<40 µm) obtained from the Copebras (CMOC International) industrial plant located in Catalão (Goiás state, Brazil), considering a circuit with rougher/cleaner configuration with different columns sizes, as follows: Circuit 1 (rougher—4” diameter column; cleaner—2” diameter column) and circuit 2 (rougher—6” diameter column; cleaner 4” column). The results indicate that better flotation apatite recovery results were achieved for the circuit with higher size columns (6” and 4”). The results can be explained by the application of a cavitation tube in the rougher stage in the 6” column. The improved flotation performance can be attributed to increased probabilities of collision and attachment and the reduced probability of detachment by the small size bubbles generated by the cavitation tube in comparison with the bubbles produced by the porous tube of the 4” column flotation.
O tamanho médio e a distribuição de tamanho de bolhas (DTB) são variáveis importantes no processo de flotação, pois influenciam diretamente na eficiência de coleta e no transporte das partículas. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi medir e avaliar o tamanho médio e a DTB geradas em uma coluna de flotação em função de algumas variáveis importantes do processo de flotação. Para captura e visualização das bolhas foi utilizado o equipamento Anglo Platinum Bubble Sizer (APBS). As imagens das bolhas capturadas foram processadas com utilização de dois softwares, o APBS e o ImageJ, de forma a comparar os resultados obtidos por ambos. Além de calcular o diâmetro médio e a DTB das bolhas, foi possível realizar medidas de holdup de gás (Ɛ g) e da concentração crítica de coalescência (CCC) para o Flotanol D14, agente tensoativo avaliado no trabalho. Os resultados obtidos de Ɛ g e CCC apontaram para uma boa concordância com os valores encontrados na literatura. Considerou-se o ImageJ mais confiável para o processamento de imagem e análise do tamanho de bolha devido ao seu maior controle das etapas de processamento. Palavras-chave: Coluna de flotação; Tamanho de bolha; Análise de imagens.
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