É imprescindível que a comunidade universitária, experiencie os pilares de ensino, pesquisa e extensão, que são bases do ensino superior. Desta forma, o presente trabalho objetivou relatar as experiências de atuação em um projeto de extensão que oferece um serviço inovador na fronteira oeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, o qual utiliza a metodologia ativa como estratégia de aprendizagem na área de Anestesiologia Veterinária. A metodologia utilizada é descritiva, e feita a partir da vivência dos estagiários protagonistas do projeto Assistência Júnior em Anestesiologia Veterinária (AJAV), desde a sua implantação até o final do primeiro semestre de atendimentos. A partir da participação de forma ativa nos primeiros meses de funcionamento do AJAV já foi identificado o potencial do projeto, o qual beneficiou os tutores dos pacientes com encaminhamento para procedimentos cirúrgicos, com consultas pré-anestésicas gratuitas, proporcionando contribuição social àqueles em condição de vulnerabilidade. E além do serviço oferecido para a comunidade, foi possível integralizar os saberes adquiridos nas disciplinas bases de medicina veterinária, promovendo uma vivência da prática de situações reais, que refletem a rotina de um médico veterinário anestesiologista, contribuindo para o amadurecimento intelectual e crítico dos discentes.  Conclui-se que a inserção de uma atividade de extensão que possibilitou a prestação de serviço preparou os acadêmicos para o enfrentamento de problemas reais futuros na área médica e engrandeceu o setor da anestesiologia veterinária do Hospital Universitário Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Pampa.

Background: Tracheal intubation is performed in an anesthetized patient in order to optimize oxygenation and to allow the administration of volatile anesthetics. Some patients have characteristics that make intubation a challenge. Therefore, an adequate pre-anesthetic evaluation enables the anesthesiologist to define the best management. There are reports of the impossibility of performing conventional intubation attributed to the lack of pre-anesthetic consultation in Medicine, which motivates and justifies the discussion of these aspects in Veterinary Medicine. Therefore, this study aims to report a case of difficult airway management in a feline with tonsillitis. Case: A 3-year-old male NDB cat weighing 3.5 kg was admitted to the Veterinary Hospital, Federal University of Pampa (UNIPAMPA) - Uruguaiana, for consultation. After physical examination, total tooth extraction and tonsillectomy was recommended. On the day of the procedure, a physical evaluation of the patient was performed, and he was classified as ASA II. Zolazepam and tiletamine [Zoletil®️ - 5 mg/kg, i.m] associated with morphine [Dimorf®️ - 0.3 mg/kg, i.m] was given as premedication. Given the difficulty of intubation in a previous procedure reported by the tutor, a thoughtful conduct was planned for the intubation of the patient, considering the possibility of tracheostomy. The patient was pre-oxygenated, and subsequently, propofol [Propovan®️ - 4 mg/kg, i.v] was administered to promote anesthetic induction. The first attempt at intubation was done by laryngoscopy, but despite the use of a 6 cm blade, it was too large in relation to the hyperplastic tissue; then swabs and a flashlight were subsequently used. With the help of two people, the experienced anesthesiologist was able to position the endotracheal tube correctly approximately 25 min after the first attempt, requiring supplemental doses of propofol [Propovan®️ to the effect, i.v] and oxygenation between the attempts. Anesthetic maintenance was achieved with isoflurane [Isoforine®️ vaporized in 100% oxygen] in a system without gas rebreathing. Locoregional block of the maxillary nerve and inferior branch of the mandibular nerve was performed with lidocaine 2% [0.1 mL/kg]. During the transoperative, the vital parameters remained stable and there was no need for analgesic rescue. After the end of the procedure and extubation, the patient received oxygen therapy via facemask until he regained consciousness and had no complications.Discussion: The mortality of dogs and cats related to anesthetic procedures is substantially higher when compared to humans. Studies have shown that most anesthetic-related complications in humans are predictable. The lack of adequate pre-anesthetic evaluation or anesthetic consultation are factors that can cause losses in the transoperative period. Therefore, sharing information that can mitigate these situations is critical. The scarcity of reports on pre-anesthetic evaluation in veterinary medicine allows the identification of a gap on the role of the anesthesiologist in this important stage of anesthesia, and how it is performed in the hospital routine or in veterinary clinics. The success in managing the difficult airway in the case reported here can be attributed to the procedures adopted in all stages of the procedure, especially the planning based on information obtained during the pre-anesthetic period. It is worth mentioning that the owner was a veterinarian and we believe this also contributed to the outcome, since he informed the anesthesiologist about the difficulties encountered during the previous procedure. This case motivated the implementation of a pre-anesthetic consultation service in the hospital in question. In addition to the physical examination, a complete anamnesis carried out with the owner may reveal relevant details for determining the most appropriate and safe anesthetic conduct for the patient.Keywords: preanesthetic evaluation, endotracheal intubation, veterinary anesthesia.Título: Manejo da via aérea difícil em um gato com tonsiliteDescritores: avaliação pré-anestésica, intubação endotraqueal, anestesiologia veterinária.