Neither syringe injection nor PUI methods were efficient in removing the inter-appointment root canal medicaments. Remnants of medicament were found in all experimental groups regardless of the vehicle used.
This paper describes methodology for direct and indirect detections of a specific oligonucleotide for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using electrochemical techniques. The sequence of oligonucleotide probe (EBV1) revealed a high sequence identity (100%) with the EBV genome. For the development of the genosensor, EBV1 was grafted to the platform sensitized with poly(4-aminothiophenol). After that, the hybridization reaction was carried out with the complementary target (EBV2) on the modified electrode surface using ethidium bromide as DNA intercalator. The oxidation peak currents of ethidium bromide increased linearly with the values of the concentration of the complementary sequences in the range from 3.78 to 756 μmol·L−1. In nonstringent experimental conditions, this genosensor can detect 17.32 nmol·L−1 (three independent experiments) of oligonucleotide target, discriminating between complementary and non-complementary oligonucleotides, as well as differentiating one-base mismatch, as required for detection of genetic diseases caused by point mutations. The biosensor also displayed high specificity to the EBV target with elimination of interference from mix (alanine, glucose, uric acid, ascorbic acid, bovine serum albumin (BSA), glutamate and glycine) and good stability (120 days). In addition, it was possible to observe differences between hybridized and non-hybridized surfaces through atomic force microscopy.
Mass testing for COVID-19 is essential to defining patient management strategies, choosing the best clinical management, and dimensioning strategies for controlling viral dissemination and immunization strategies. Thus, it is of utmost importance to search for devices that allow a quick and reliable diagnosis of low cost that can be transposed from the bench to the bedside, such as biosensors. These devices can help choose the correct clinical management to minimize factors that lead to infected patients developing more severe diseases. The use of nanomaterials to modify biosensors’ surfaces to increase these devices’ sensitivity and their biofunctionality enables high-quality nanotechnological platforms. In addition to the diagnostic benefits, nanotechnological platforms that facilitate the monitoring of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies may be the key to determining loss of protective immune response after an episode of COVID-19, which leads to a possible chance of reinfection, as well as how they can be used to assess and monitor the success of immunization strategies, which are beginning to be administered on a large scale and that the extent and duration of their protection will need to be determined. Therefore, in this chapter, we will cover nanomaterials’ use and their functionalities in the surface design of sensors, thus generating nanotechnological platforms in the various facets of the diagnosis of COVID-19.
Dedico este trabalho primeiramente a Deus, pois somente Ele conhece a verdade de tudo que tentamos compreender! A Ele pertence tudo o que sou!!! "Estarei com mãos levantadas pra te louvar, pois Tu deste tudo a mim. meu ser, a Ti oh Senhor se rende o que sou, é Teu!" Me Rendo a Ti Adoração & Adoradores vi AGRADECIMENTOS Gratidão é um sentimento de reconhecimento que caminha comigo a vida toda, pois a Deus sou grata pela dádiva que Ele me proporcionou em me abençoar em todos os meus caminhos e ao prazer de sempre servi-Lo. Agradecimento especial: a Profa. Ana Graci e ao Prof. João Marcos que de forma preparada por Deus, aprendendo como a ciência é dinâmica e que os desafios são superados com muito trabalho (principalmente na semana entre o Natal e o Ano Novo)! Aos membros da banca que atenciosamente aceitaram o convite. Sinto-me honrada pela valorosa contribuição neste trabalho. A minha família Jânisson, amado esposo, e Arthur Ricardo, amado filho, homens de Deus e em minha vida "Ainda que eu fale a língua dos homens, que eu fale a língua dos anjos sem amor eu nada seria"! Este amor também vem dos meus pais, Ricardo e Conceição, meu irmão Ricardo Jr e minha cunhada Ângela, que sempre deram suporte para que este doutorado e tudo mais!!! Ao meu avô Vicente Francisco de Oliveira, 97 anos, e minha avó Maria Aparecida de Oliveira, 89 anos; com seus olhos de amor incondicional me inspiram em continuar, pois sempre acreditaram que o estudo nos faz melhores!!!! Meus sogros Hildebrando e Marlene, minhas cunhadas Gláucia e Stael e meus sobrinhos João Pedro e Maria Clara, a Trindade, Thaís, Tiago, Valentina e Otávio muito obrigada pelas palavras de força, almoços deliciosos no domingo e finais de semanas emocionantes! Minha Madrinha Neuza Maria de Castro e ao meu padrinho Mário Spanó que trilharam o caminho que tanto almejo, como pesquisadores, professores e principalmente como pessoas de caráter inigualável! E a todos os tios e primos que compartilharam todos estes momentos de cumplicidade! À minha família em Cristo, que pagaram o preço em jejum e oração para que a vitória fosse alcançada. Agradecimentos especiais ao Pastor Ricardo Arturo e Pastora Ana Cláudia, aos Líderes Irmão Valdir e irmã Flávia e aos discipuladores irmão Gil e irmã Simone. A toda Família IBA e Comunidade Vida meu carinho!!!
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