This study describes clinical and histopathological features, treatment, and outcome of cats diagnosed with ocular mycobacteriosis. Cases diagnosed from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed for (a) histopathological evidence of ocular (pyo)granulomatous inflammation containing acid-fast bacilli with mycobacterial morphology, (b) positive mycobacterial culture and/or mycobacterial DNA identified by polymerase chain reaction of ocular tissue, or (c) presumed mycobacteriosis based on ophthalmic examination and positive interferon-gamma release assay. Twenty-five cats (31 eyes) were included; 14 cats (17/31 eyes, 55%) were blind at presentation (unilateral: n = 12 cats; bilateral: n = 2 cats); one unilaterally affected cat later became bilaterally blind. Another 5 cats (7/31 eyes, 23%) became blind after initially being bilaterally visual (unilateral: n = 3 cats; bilateral: n = 2 cats). The commonest ocular finding was uveitis (87%). The main histopathological features were granulomatous to pyogranulomatous chorioretinitis with retinal detachment, anterior uveitis, optic neuritis, episcleritis, scleritis, and/or retrobulbar cellulitis. Nineteen cats (76%) had systemic signs, with disseminated disease being diagnosed in 9, defined by interstitial pulmonary disease, generalized lymphadenopathy, and/or nonocular infection. Nine cats were diagnosed with Mycobacterium bovis, 2 with Mycobacterium microti, 1 with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, and 1 with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex. The infecting species was unknown in the remaining cats. Combined surgery (enucleation: n = 5 cats; biopsy: n = 3 cats) and systemic treatment with 2 or 3 appropriate antibiotics for 2 to 7 months resulted in remission in 8 of the 10 cats treated; however, the cat treated with dual therapy relapsed after 8 months. A total of 16 cats (64%) were euthanized; 2 were lost to follow-up.

Seven Northern Inuit Dogs (NID) were diagnosed by pedigree analysis with an autosomal recessive inherited oculoskeletal dysplasia (OSD). Short-limbed dwarfism, angular limb deformities and a variable combination of macroglobus, cataracts, lens coloboma, microphakia and vitreopathy were present in all seven dogs, while retinal detachment was diagnosed in five dogs. Autosomal recessive OSD caused by COL9A3 and COL9A2 mutations have previously been identified in the Labrador Retriever (dwarfism with retinal dysplasia 1— drd1 ) and Samoyed dog (dwarfism with retinal dysplasia 2— drd2 ) respectively; both of those mutations were excluded in all affected NID. Nine candidate genes were screened in whole genome sequence data; only one variant was identified that was homozygous in two affected NID but absent in controls. This variant was a nonsense single nucleotide polymorphism in COL9A3 predicted to result in a premature termination codon and a truncated protein product. This variant was genotyped in a total of 1,232 dogs. All seven affected NID were homozygous for the variant allele ( T/T ), while 31/116 OSD-unaffected NID were heterozygous for the variant ( C/T ) and 85/116 were homozygous for the wildtype allele ( C/C ); indicating a significant association with OSD ( p = 1.41x10 -11 ). A subset of 56 NID unrelated at the parent level were analysed to determine an allele frequency of 0.08, estimating carrier and affected rates to be 15% and 0.6% respectively in NID. All 1,109 non-NID were C/C , suggesting the variant is rare or absent in other breeds. Expression of retinal mRNA was similar between an OSD-affected NID and OSD-unaffected non-NID. In conclusion, a nonsense variant in COL9A3 is strongly associated with OSD in NID, and appears to be widespread in this breed.

There was no evidence that the tested drugs delayed elevation of intraocular pressure in contralateral eyes of dogs with primary closed-angle glaucoma.

A 6‐year‐old neutered female Jack Russell terrier was investigated for sudden onset prechiasmatic bilateral blindness, left circling, reduced proprioception in the right pelvic limb and right facial allodynia. Electroretinography was normal. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination revealed that the right optic nerve and the optic chiasm were hyperintense on diffusion weighted imaging and hypointense on apparent diffusion coefficient map consistent with ischemic optic neuropathy. A concurrent lacunar infarct was detected in the left rostral colliculus. Primary systemic hypertension was diagnosed based on blood pressure measurement and no detectable abnormalities on hematology, comprehensive serum biochemistry, urinalysis including protein/creatinine and cortisol/creatinine ratios and thoracic/abdominal imaging. Prednisolone for 10 days and amlodipine long‐term were administered. Vision was not recovered after 7 months. Repeat MRI supported the diagnosis of ischemic lesions and revealed a recent striatocapsular infarct. Ischemic optic neuropathy is a well‐recognized cause of blindness in humans and should be included as a differential diagnosis for acute prechiasmatic blindness in dogs.

This retrospective study evaluated a canine patient group operated on for mammary neoplasms (221 females). After surgical treatment, the animals were divided based on histological findings into groups and subgroups according to the WHO system. In the individual groups and subgroups the length of their survival following a mammary tumour surgery and death causes were followed. Of their total number, 164 tumours were malignant, 39 were benign and 18 were mammary hyperplasias. With regard to malignant tumours, invasive tubular carcinoma (20.81%) was identified most frequently; fibroadenoma reached the highest occurrence (10.41%) as regards benign tumours. The length of survival in females with malignant tumours ranged from 12 to 37.4 months, depending on histological subtypes. In females with benign mammary neoplasms the length of survival ranged from 39.1 to 59.3 months and in animals with hyperplasia it was 50.2 months. As a result of mammary tumour, 41 females (25%) died in the malignant tumour group, none died in the benign tumour group and 2 females (11.1%) died in the hyperplasia group.The survival periods in surgically treated patients with mammary tumours were shorter for solid and complex carcinomas, compared to patients affected with the remainder of the histological subtypes. The longest survival period following operation was recorded in the group suffering from adenoma. The least favourable illness prognosis for patients with mammary tumours in respect to linking the death cause to the mammary tumour was for those having invasive papillary carcinoma. The most favourable illness prognosis was for patients with benign tumours and non-invasive tubular carcinoma. A frequent death cause in females with mammary tumours was another illness unrelated to mammary tumours.