Os indicadores de morbidade e de mortalidade materno-infantis são essenciais no contexto da organização da Rede Cegonha, no âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Esta rede organiza-se para assegurar o acesso, o acolhimento e a resolutividade, por meio de um modelo de atenção voltado para o pré-natal, parto e nascimento, puerpério e sistema logístico. Este artigo apresenta um estudo ecológico desta rede em uma Regional de Saúde, realizado com uso de dados dos Sistemas de Informação de Saúde do Departamento de Informática do SUS. Verificou-se um percentual crescente de gestantes que realizaram sete ou mais consultas pré-natais. No entanto, poucas concluíram a assistência pré-natal, porque não realizaram a consulta de puerpério. Observou-se uma taxa de mortalidade infantil próxima à da meta estipulada pela ONU. Identificou-se um aumento das cesáreas e uma redução de partos normais, além de uma alta mortalidade materna. Esses indicadores apontam para a necessidade de melhoria da qualidade da atenção pré-natal e da assistência ao parto.
Introduction: Aging is often associated with reduced functional capacity (FC) and respiratory muscle strength (RMS). Objective: To verify the short-term aquatic and land-based respiratory exercise effects on RMS, pulmonary function, FC and palmar grip strength (PGS) in healthy elderly women. Methods: A blinded, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted. The sample was composed by 32 elderly women, randomized in two groups: Land-Based Group (LG), and Hydrotherapy Group (HG). Exercise program was performed in two weekly sessions (40 minutes each), during four weeks. Evaluations (anthropometry, manovacuometry and spirometry) were performed; FC by the 6-minute Walk Test (6MWT), and PGS test. All evaluations were performed before and after four-week intervention. Results: About RMS evaluation, there was an improvement in the Maximum Expiratory Pressure (MEP) values from 63.8 ± 19 to 74 ± 20 (p = 0.007) of HG. LG had an increase in forced expiratory flow (FEF) between 25-75% of forced vital capacity (FEF 25-75%) from 82 ± 29 to 101 ± 26 (p = 0.04). There was no statistically significant PGS improvement and walking 6MWT distance in both groups. HG presented lower values of Initial Heart Rate and Diastolic Blood Pressure, both pre (p = 0.006) and post 6MWT (p = 0.041). Conclusion: It may be suggested that, in the short-term, the respiratory exercise aquatic protocol has positive effects on the MEP and cardiovascular parameters in elderly.
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