: Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical symptoms, psychological, and emotions associated with the woman's menstrual cycle and consistently occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle due to hormonal changes associated with the current cycle of ovulation (release of eggs from the ovary) and menstruation. Some of the complaints were felt during PMS, such as headache, back pain, breast pain, sleep disorders, and more than a few complaints can cause anxiety in women with PMS. This research was conducted observational analytic with cross sectional method. levels of anxiety and sleep quality in adolescent girls (as dependent variable). The sample used in this research were 30 students. Total sampling is a sampling technique in which the number of samples is equal to the population. there is a significant correlation between the severity of PMS with the level of anxiety. A positive correlation coefficient indicates that the relationship between the severity of PMS with anxiety levels. The more severe or severe PMS level, the level of anxiety is also heavier. Conversely, the mild severity of PMS, the anxiety level is also lighter. There is a significant correlation between the severity of PMS with the quality of sleep.Keywords : severity PMS, level of anxiety, quality sleep, adult Abstrak : Pre Menstrual Syndrome (PMS) merupakan kumpulan gejala fisik, psikologis, dan emosi yang terkait dengan siklus menstruasi wanita dan secara konsisten terjadi selama tahap luteal dari siklus menstruasi akibat perubahan hormonal  yang berhubungan dengan siklus saat ovulasi (pelepasan sel telur dari ovarium) dan menstruasi. Beberapa keluhan yang dirasakan saat PMS yaitu sakit kepala, sakit punggung, nyeri pada payudara, gangguan tidur, dan lain-lain.Akibat dari beberapa keluhan yang dirasakantersebut dapat menimbulkan kecemasan pada wanita yang mengalami PMS. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara observasional analitik dengan metode pendekatan cross sectional. tingkat kecemasan dan kualitas tidur pada remaja putri (sebagai variabel dependen). Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 siswi. Total sampling adalah teknik pengambilan sampel dimana jumlah sampel sama dengan populasi. terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan PMS dengan tingkat kecemasan. Koefisien korelasi yang positif menunjukkan bahwa hubungan antara tingkat keparahan PMS dengan tingkat kecemasan. Semakin parah atau berat tingkat PMS, maka tingkat kecemasan juga semakin berat. Sebaliknya, semakin ringan tingkat keparahan PMS, maka tingkat kecemasan juga semakin ringan. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara tingkat keparahan PMS dengan kualitas tidur.Kata kunci : tingkat keparahan,PMS, tingkat kecemasan, kualitas tidur, remaja.

: Painproblems in children who are treated in the hospital is the main cause of children experiencing trauma. This may develop fear on the health workers, especially nurses. Previously, almost all of the children who were treated in the hospital experienced invasive procedures, including infussions, blood specimen taking, and intracutaneous injection and so on. Therefore, a pain management strategy was urgently required. The purpose of this study was to identify the level of pain and comfort of a child who was given lidocaine spray before an invasive procedure. The type of research is a descriptive study using quota sampling. The respondents were 19 children. The instrument used for identifying pain using FLACC and comfort level measurement using Comfort Scale. Data were analysed using a descriptive analysis.The atraumatic care management model is performed by intervening the management of lidocaine spray before the invasive procedure is taken and then the scale of pain and comfort was assessed at the time of action. The results show that an average pain scale of 5.4 is in the moderate pain category and an average comfort scale of 42 where the higher the score indicates the higher comfort level. The level of moderate pain and comfort resulting from the influence of lidocaine which may reduce pain. Further research is needed to compare patient's psychological pain management so that comfort feeling and minimal pain is more optimal. Keyword : Pain, Invasive Procedure, Child, Comfort. Abstrak : Masalah nyeri pada anak yang dilakukan perawatan di rumah sakit merupakan hal utama penyebab anak mengalami trauma sehingga pobia dengan perawatan dan petugas kesehatan terutama perawat. Penelitian sebelumya.Hampir seluruh anak yang dilakukan perawatan di Rumah Sakit mengalami tindakan invasif baik infus, pengambilan darah, injeksi intrakutan dan yang lainnya sehingga diperlukan strategi manajemen nyeri. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat nyeri dan kenyamanan anak yang diberikan lidokain spray sebelum dilakukan tindakan invasif. Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif, tehnik sampling menggunakan quota sampling dengan jumlah sampel 19 anak. Identifikasi nyeri  menggunanakan FLACC dan tingkat kenyamanan menggunakan skala comfort. Analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif. Model manajemen asuhan atraumatik dilakukan dengan melakukan intervensi manajemen nyeri spay lidokain sebelum dilakukan tidakan invasif selanjutnya dinilai skala nyeri dan kenyamanan pada saat tindakan berlangsung. Hasil didapatkan skala nyeri rata-rata 5,4 dalam kategori nyeri sedang dan skala kenyamanan rata-rata 42 dimana semakin tinggi skor menunjukkan semakin tinggi tingkat kenyamanan.Tingkat nyeri sedang dan kenyamanan yang dihasilkan dikarenakan pengaruh lidokain yang merupakan jenis analgesik  dapat mengurangi nyeri meskipun belum sampai pada nyeri ringan dan kenyamanan tinggi. Penelitian selanjutnya akan dibandingkan dengan manajemen nyeri psikologis pasien sehingga kenyamanan dan menurunkan nyeri lebih optimal. Kata Kunci : Nyeri, Tindakan Invasif, Anak, Kenyamanan

Introduction: Regurgitation is a common issue in infants under six months of age who are at risk of esophagitis with excessive frequency and volume. This problem is due, in part, to allergies in the whey protein content in Cow's milk. Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the connection between Cow's milk consumption and processed products by mothers with regurgitation frequency in infants. Method: This form of study is cross-sectional, with 44 respondents using a purposeful sampling technic in mothers who have children under six months of age. Analysis of data using the Independent t-test test with a nominal scale of data. Result:  The findings showed an average regurgitation frequency was 2.4 times, and the results of the study showed an association between Cow's milk intake and refined goods by mothers with regurgitation in infants under six months with a p-value:0.014. Discussion: Enhanced frequency of regurgitation in mothers who consume Cow's milk and processed foods because of the risk of childhood allergy to the quality of Cow's milk protein, and it is advised that parents be conscious of the frequency of regurgitation due to mother-eaten food.

ABSTRACT

Children treated in hospitals have problems stressing the impact of hospital care, especially invasive actions. The efforts of pain management have been carried out mostly is the management of physical pain and the results of the research obtained are not fully optimal. Psychological children also need to be prepared besides physical management. Anxiety, fear and not understanding the procedure will contribute to the perception of pain. The purpose of this study was to identify stress levels in children who were infared after bibliotherapy. The research method chooses descriptive research with 15 quota sampling techniques. The data analysis used is descriptive analytic. Phase 1 of the Basic Scientific Research (PDK) research by performing psychological pain management using bibliotherapy, the storytelling method was obtained after bibliotherapy with a description of patients in the hospital as much as 2x a day and 50% of respondents experienced mild stress. This is because the bibliotherapy process with stories of children being treated in hospitals is able to make a picture of the situation that can be understood in preparing mentally for infasive actions. Keywords: Stress, Children, Bibliotherapy, invasive measures