Background: Hospitalization for children has an impact on physical and psychological problems for children and parents. Many interventions can be done to reduce stressors for children or parents in nursing using the philosophy of atraumatic care, but there are not many articles that provide specific identification in the realm of the philosophy of atraumatic care. This study aims to determine the Evidence-Based Practice Nursing (EBPN) atraumatic care carried out by nurses in hospitals. Method: This research uses the literature study method. The Literature Study stages include problem identification, searching data in 4 databases, namely Pubmed (370 Journals), Proquest (295 Journals), Clinical Key (751 Journals), and Science Direct (573 Journals) with a total of 1,989 journals after that through the screening method, assessment of study quality using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tool which resulted in the final results with 18 journals, after that through data extraction and data analysis methods. Results: From 18 intervention journals to prevent physical and psychological stress, including the use of Virtual Reality (VR), and the use of buzzy and interactive play. Intervention impact separation with the presence of parents and involvement in care. Interventions related to the impact of the foreign environment are by modifying the nurse's uniform and car orientation of the care environment. Intervention in improving treatment control with PRISM-P and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) with Guided Imagery (GI). Conclusion: All interventions that are included in the 4 philosophies of atraumatic care, show the results of the effectiveness of the intervention on each principle of atraumatic care. This can be applied to patients, especially children and the elderly according to their condition.

COVID-19 is a global pandemic that has an impact on various aspects of life, one of which is the health of children. Children’s behavior in preventing transmission of COVID-19 needs to be controlled by parents. Reports of an increase in the number of infections in children, apart from the immune system of children who are still vulnerable, also need to be investigated for other causes, namely the efforts of parents to protect against transmission. Behavior and infection control efforts at home greatly affect the prevalence of virus transmission. The purpose of this study was to identify the efforts of parents in preventing COVID-19 infection in children in the New Normal era. This research was descriptive research. The population in this study were parents who had children aged 0-18 years. The sampling technique used was incidental sampling, and data analysis was done through frequency distribution. The results of the study found that the efforts of parents in preventing COVID-19 infection were mostly in the moderate category. This may be related to the level of parental education, the factor of domicile in the Malang Raya area, which has almost the same characteristics, the level of income, and the number of children. These three demographic factors have become a philosophy in efforts to prevent COVID-19 infection in children by parents. Keywords: infection, Covid-19, children, prevention efforts, parents, philosophy

Introduction: Neonates undergoing treatment often experience pain and painful procedures. Proper pain management needs to be done considering various cases in neonates with different pain experiences and causes. This study aimed to review the effect of non-pharmacological pain interventions on neonates. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to investigate the effect of non-pharmacology pain management in neonates. Studies were obtained from Proquest, Clinical Key for Nursing, Science Direct, and EBSCO databases. This study was limited to Randomized Control Trial studies published between 2015 and 2022, using subject headings and synonyms as keywords: neonate, neonatal, newborn, pain management, non-pharmacology pain management, and pain level. Next, JBI (Joanna Brings Institute) was used to evaluate journal quality, and thematic analysis was used as the data analysis method. Results: The search identified 659 relevant studies, and 19 studies have met the criteria. Nineteen articles show that various effective non-pharmacological pain management in premature and term infants are a sweet solution, skin stimulation, positioning, audio stimulation, and olfactory stimulation. Twelve journals discuss comparisons between interventions, and six journals discuss positions like facilitated tacking, hammock, swaddling, holding, and nesting. Five journals discuss combined pain management. Most of the journals (12 journals) discuss breastmilk odor stimulation and breastfeeding. The study also proved that multiple pain management was more effective than one type of intervention. Conclusion: The case-tailored practice of pain management in neonates and selecting the right combination of pain management will help reduce pain and increase comfort.