Distributed solar generation has the potential to reach high penetration levels in distribution systems. However, its integration reshapes distribution system power flows and causes rapid-fluctuations in system statuses. The facts challenge major voltage management approaches, nowadays, such as using online load tap changing (OLTC) transformers, voltage regulators (VRs), or shunt capacitors. In this paper, we explore the capability of using vehicle-to-grid (V2G) electric vehicles (EVs) to join distribution system voltage management, and to collaborate with OLTCs to mitigate the voltage problems caused by distribution solar generations. A two-stage control method is proposed for this purpose. The first stage controls the making of rolling schedules for EV charging and OLTC tap positions, while the second controls the EVs to resist the solar generation fluctuation to maintain voltage profiles. A case system with simultaneous overvoltage/undervoltage risks is designed to test the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results demonstrate that both the over/undervoltage risks are mitigated.Index Terms-Electric vehicles (EVs), optimal power flow, positive semidefinite programming, voltage regulation.
NOMENCLATURE
Indices and Sets i, j, kIndices of nodes (total of N ) in distribution system, and i → j denotes a branch from i to j. t, t 0 Index of time and present time. S S th charging station. Ω S Set of EV integration scenarios of charging station S. E eth scenario in Ω S , each is bond with four properties, the number of EVs n e , which arrive at time t arr,e and depart at t dep,e , with an initial SOC of soc e . Manuscript
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