Out of many disease conditions suffered by mankind since ancient ages, Migraine holds a significant position. It is derived from the word “hemi-crania” and is a type of primary headache. This disease is mentioned in the ancient scriptures dating back to the Mesopotamian era. It has been documented by Hippocrates (460–377 BC) in his treatise, further explored and explained on the basis of cause and location by Galen (131–201 AD). Later its etiopathogenesis clinical features and management was described by Al-Razi (850–923 AD), an eminent Unani physician. Migraine is a disease majorly affecting one side of the head and characterized by recurrent attacks of pulsating headache, mostly associated with nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia, with or without an aura. It is triggered by noise and light, based on the brightness, intensity, wavelengths or type of light that is being emitted. According to Unani physicians, the word Shaqeeqa is derived from Arabic word ‘Shiq’, meaning ‘a part’ or ‘a side’, hence the name Shaqeeqa. They describe it as a type of headache (Suda) in which pain occurs only in one side of head, and the causative factors for it are the morbid matters and morbid vapours (Bukharat e Radiya) arising from morbid humours which are either excessive in amount, too hot or too cold. It often results due to abnormal substantial temperament (Su-e-Mizaj Maddi) giving two variants acute (Shaqeeqa haar) and chronic (Shaqeeqa barid). The treatment mainly consists of elimination of morbid matter which is accumulated in the body, and strengthening the brain using brain tonics (Muqawwiyat-e-Dimagh).

The patient conceived within 2 months of the treatment. These formulations might have assisted in conception as they are considered to have uterine tonic, vitalizer, and aphrodisiac properties in Unani medicine. Some of these drugs have been pharmacologically proved to assist in conception, such as Crocus sativus Linn, which is reported to improve fertility that may be attributed to crocetin and/or flavonoids. It is also reported that oysters, which contain zinc and calcium, might have been helped in enhancing fertility.

Sammulfar (arsenic trioxide) is a notorious poison and has extensively been studied for its toxicity. It is in use for various purposes for centuries and is used even today as a therapeutic agent in the form of kushta (calx) in traditional systems of medicine, particularly Unani medicine, but without apparent safety data. The present study, therefore, was conducted to produce data for prolong use of calx of arsenic trioxide. The calx (test drug) was prepared by the method described in National Formulary of Unani Medicine. The study was carried in healthy Wistar rats of either sex; weighing 150-250 g; 2-3 months of age, in a dose dependent manner, following the methods of Gupta et al. (2002), Ghosh (2008) and Klaassan (2008). The animals were divided into four groups of 10 animals each. Group I served as control, where as group II, III and IV were used for three dose levels of the test drug i.e. low (8.75 mg -1 kg), medium (17.50 mg -1 kg) and higher (26.25 mg -1 kg). Standard parameters usually applied for chronic toxicity studies were considered. The study revealed dose dependent toxicity. Usual signs of chronic toxicity were observed during the study. Low dose of Kushta Sammulfar (KSF) did not produce remarkable toxic effects. Mild to moderate toxicity was seen in KSF-II and KSF-III.

Metastasis to axillary lymph node occurs in adenocarcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma, and is a rare clinical entity that needs to be understood for management and its clinical outcome. The present case is of 72-year-old female patient who had a metastatic nodule in the axilla. No breast mass was palpable. Histology identified as metastatic adenocarcinoma, however mammography and Ultrasound Sonography test (USg) failed to detect the primary tumour. Immunohistochemistry showed that the excised lymph node was positive for Estrogen Receptor (ER) and negative for Progesterone Receptor (PR), suggesting the breast as the site for the primary tumour. Since the patient refused surgery, she was under follow-up for eight months. Now, she presented with recurrence of similar axillary swelling for two months.

A solitary fibrous tumour is an unknown neoplasm that is fibroblastic in nature. It causes diagnostic difficulty due to its unexpected Immunophenotypic appearance as well as wide histologic appearance, but most of the time it is accurately diagnosed due to its histological characteristics and strong positivity to CD34 expression.SFT is known to occur in almost all parts of the body including meninges and skin. This is a slow-growing neoplasm that can be successfully treated by complete excision; the malignant counterpart of SFT is rare. The most important and reliable positive markers in SFT are CD34, CD99, BCL2. There are consistently negative markers in this tumor as well, used according to the tumor location, such as EMA&S100.Although the majority of SFT can be accurately diagnosed due to histological characteristics and frequent CD34 expression, a wide histologic spectrum and the occurrence of an unexpected immunophenotype might offer diagnostic difficulties. Research findings shows that, the meninges, orbit, upper respiratory tract, salivary glands, thyroid, peritoneum, liver, retroperitoneum, pelvis, adrenal gland, kidney, urinary bladder, vagina, spinal cord, skin, periosteum, and soft tissues have all been known to have this form of neoplasm.