Introduction: Carbon emission cause climate change by trapping heat and they also contribute to respiratory disease from smog and air pollution. Therefore, reducing carbon emission is important because it mitigates the effects of global climate change, improves public health and maintains biodiversity. In carbon sequestration process atmospheric carbon is taken up by trees, grasses and plants through photosynthesis. Aim: Analyse the carbon emissions and estimate the carbon sequestration. Methodology: The study was conducted at Golihalli and Bidi village of Belagavi district, Karnataka in India to measure the carbon emission level through Air Quality Monitor and CO meter for one year. The carbon sequestration was assessed by non-destructive method. Results: An annual mean concentration of CO2 in Golihalli village was 924.33 ppm while in Bidi village 929.9 ppm and also the mean concentration of CO was 25.7 ppm in Golihalli village whereas 25.8 ppm in Bidi village. The mean concentration of PM2.5 was 57.8 μm3 and PM10 was 107.5 μm3 in Golihalli village however PM2.5 was 57.9 μm3 and PM10 was 108 μm3 in Bidi village. During the observation period, the maximum carbon emission concentration was measured in summer season and the minimum in rainy season. The largest value of carbon sequestration was seen in Tamarindus indica (530.22 gm) in Bidi village and Azdirachta indica (519.77 gm) in Golihalli       village. Conclusion: The carbon emission concentration was exceeding the safe level in both villages because of rural people’s day-today activities and vehicular pollution. The trees with higher age and DBH have more carbon sequestration which could help in mitigate the effects of carbon emitted in the village.

Vegetable cultivation has become highly commercialized but still there is a wide gap between current production and potential productivity. The present study is an attempt to study the role of women in vegetable production system. Five villages from Dharwad taluka namely Yadawad, Lakmapur, Hebballi, Shivalli and Govinkoppa were selected for the study. The sample size comprised of 50 farm women from the selected villages. The study revealed that majority of the land preparation activities were performed by male gender. The planting/ sowing activities were performed by both male and female. Among weed management activities, spraying of weedicide was performed by only men. On the contrary, hand weeding was performed by only female. Harvesting activities were performed by both male and female gender. The transporting activities performed by male only. On an average the farm women spent 4 to 8 hours on agricultural activities. Majority of them were still following the traditional method and technologies. Hence, there is for introduction of improved/ mechanized agricultural technologies for the farming community to reduce the drudgery and save the labour cost.

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