The transmission of electrons in graphene-based p-n and n-p-n junctions on a SiC substrate is investigated. When we irradiate a beam of off-resonant light on a p-n junction, the transmitted angles of electrons from different valleys are unequal, which is similar to the birefringence of light. This is due to the valley polarization induced by the competition between the SiC substrate and the off-resonant light. In addition, a light-modulated fully valley polarized current is realized. In the case of n-p-n junction, we find light-modulated valley-dependent Brewster-like angles at which the electron from one valley is totally transmitted, while the electron from the other valley is totally reflected due to the valley polarization. Furthermore, we propose a new type of tunneling resistance in a graphene-based n-p-n junction irradiated by the off-resonant light. The tunneling resistances have different magnitudes for the different orientations of light and even can show giant magnetoresistance-like effect due to the valley polarization. This is different from the traditional giant magnetoresistance effect in the ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet junction, where the spin degree of freedom plays a key role.

We investigate the Andreev reflection across a borophane-based superconducting junction in different directions of junction. There are three exotic properties which are different from the ones in graphene. Firstly, the Andreev retro-reflection happens in the interband conversion of electron-hole. Secondly, the electron-hole conversion in the intraband leads to the specular Andreev reflection. Thirdly, the perfect Andreev reflection, the electron-hole conversion with unit efficiency, happens at a nonzero incident angle of electron. These three unique properties arise from the anisotropic band structure of borophane and can be modulated by adjusting the direction of junction. Our findings give a new perspective for understanding Andreev reflection.

Quantum mechanics is the study of the emanation and retention of energy by issue, as well as the movement of material particles. Quantum mechanics is especially relevant to elementary particles and their relationship since it holds that energy and matter exist in tiny, discrete sums. The neutron is the main known molecule that permits exploratory admittance to each of the four basic powers as well as a wide scope of speculative collaborations. In this review, we analyzed the correlation for this study to analyze the relationship between the quantum mechanics, neutrons, and dark energy interactions and zeroed in on the idea of quantum mechanics and its arrangement with emission and absorption of energy.

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