The most common primary malignancies that affect the pericardium are lung cancers. Typically, pericardial involvement stays undiagnosed, with almost 1-20% of all tumor-related autopsies revealing invasion of the pericardium. Pericardial effusions are seldom the first location of metastasis and presentation of a primary malignancy. Malignant pericardial effusions are usually silent, although they cause dyspnea, chest discomfort, arrhythmias, cough, and, in rare cases, pericardial tamponade. In a patient with tamponade, a high index of tumor-related suspicion is crucial to rule out cancer. Emergency pericardiocentesis is indicated based on the clinical presentation, however, the patient frequently has a bad prognosis regardless of whether treatment is administered or not. In this case series, we report five cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with pericardial effusion as an initial presentation.

In developing nations, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious health issue, with India bearing the majority of the burden. It comes in a wide variety of presentations and complications. Its propensity for thrombogenesis is a worrying consequence that significantly increases morbidity. Numerous mechanisms of tuberculosis can cause a hypercoagulable condition and thromboembolic consequences. We report a case of a 37-year-old male who had inferior vena cava thrombosis with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It was discovered that early diagnosis, anti-TB medication start-up and suitable anticoagulant therapy could save lives. The use of an IVC filter as a treatment in this instance reduced the disease's total morbidity and mortality. The co-treatment with the longer oral bedaquiline containing MDR regimen and anticoagulant therapy is being followed closely in this case and will be a useful tool in the future for further management of such patients.

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