The objective of this study were to determine kinetic of nuclear maturation and the efficacy of caffeine suplementation in maturation medium on fertilization rate of sheep oocytes in vitro. In the first experiment, oocytes were matured for 16 (M-16), 20 (M-20), 24 (M-24), 28 (M-28) h to assessed the kinetic of oocytes nuclear maturation. In the second experiment, oocytes were matured for 24 h (M-24) or 28 h (M-28) without (M-24 or M-28 groups) or with caffeine suplementation at 4 h before the end of maturation period of oocytes matured for 24 h (M24-Kaf-4) and 28 h (M28-Kaf-4), or 8 h (M28-Kaf-8) before the end of maturation period of oocytes matured for 28 h. Result of the first experiment, 27.6% of oocytes were in metaphase II (MII) at 16 h. The percentage of MII oocytes significantly increased after 20 h (44.8%) to 24 h (88.9%) of maturation period (P<0.05), but the increasing was not found when the maturation period was prolonged until 28 h (89.3%) (P>0.05). However the number of oocytes with two pronucleus (2PN) was higher in group M-24 compared than that of M-28 group (P<0,05) and incidence of polyspermy increased in oocytes of M-28 group (P<0,05). No significant diferences was found in the total of oocytes fertilized among the group except of group M28-Kaf-8 (P>0,05). When caffeine was suplemented at 4 h before the end of maturation period a significantly reduced the incidence of polyspermy and increased the number of oocytes with 2PN in oocytes of M-28 group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the kinetic of nuclear maturation in sheep oocytes showed there was a variation in time required by oocytes to reach MII phase and caffeine improve normal fertilization and reduced the frequency of polyspermy on oocytes when the maturation period prolonged. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinetika maturasi inti dan efektivitas suplementasi kafein pada medium maturasi terhadap tingkat fertilisasi oosit domba secara in vitro. Penelitian tahap I oosit dimaturasi selama 16 (M-16), 20 (M-20), 24 (M-24), dan 28 (M-28) jam untuk mengevaluasi kinetika maturasi inti oosit. Penelitian tahap II, oosit dimaturasi selama 24 jam (M-24) dan 28 jam (M-28) tanpa kafein (kelompok M-24 dan M-28) atau dengan penambahan kafein pada empat jam sebelum akhir periode maturasi pada oosit yang dimaturasi selama 24 jam (M24-Kaf-4) dan 28 jam (M28-Kaf-4), atau delapan jam (M28-Kaf-8) sebelum akhir periode maturasi pada oosit yang dimaturasi selama 28 jam. Hasil penelitian tahap I menunjukkan, 27,6% oosit berada pada tahap metafase II (MII) pada jam ke-16. Persentasi oosit MII meningkat secara signifikan setelah jam ke-20 (44,8%) hingga jam ke-24 (88,9%) periode maturasi (P<0,05) akan tetapi tidak ditemukan adanya peningkatan ketika periode maturasi diperpanjang hingga 28 jam (89,3%) (P<0,05). Namun demikian, jumlah oosit dengan dua pronukleus (2PN) lebih banyak pada kelompok M-24 dibandingkan dengan kelompok M-28 (P<0,05) dan kejadian polispermi meningkat pada oosit kelompok M-28 (P<0,05). Tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan pada tingkat fertilisasi total antar perlakuan kecuali pada kelompok M28-Kaf-8 (P<0,05). Ketika kafein ditambahkan pada empat jam sebelum akhir periode maturasi secara signifikan dapat menurunkan kejadian polispermi dan meningkatkan jumlah oosit 2PN pada kelompok M-28 (P<0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinetika maturasi inti oosit domba menunjukkan ketidakseragaman waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh oosit untuk mencapai tahap MII dan kafein dapat meningkatkan fertilisasi normal dan menurunkan frekuensi polispermi pada oosit ketika periode maturasi diperpanjang
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