Salah satu daerah yang membudidayakan jagung secara terus menerus setiap musim di Manokwari adalah Kampung Copti Prafi. Kondisi ini menyebabkan mudahnya berkembang penyakit karat daun. Oleh karena itu, tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi intensitas serangan penyakit, laju perkembangan penyakit, sifat ketahanan jagung dan pengaruh faktor-faktor iklim terhadap intensitas dan laju perkembangan penyakitnya terhadap penyakit karat daun jagung tersebut. Analisa data dilakukan secara tabulasi dan menggunakan gambar yang dihasilkan dari microsoft excel 2016 untuk membandingkan variabel-variabel pengamatan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa patogen penyebab penyakit karat di Kampung Copti adalah Puccinia polysora. Intensitas serangan dimulai pada 5 minggu setelah tanam, kemudian terus-menerus mengalami peningkatan hingga minggu ke 11 dimana semua varietas yang diuji menunjukkan respons peka. Laju perkembangan penyakit juga mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan meningkatnya intensitas serangan dan dikategorikan berat. Curah hujan sangat menunjang perkembangan penyakit. Peningkatan jumlah curah hujan dapat menyebabkan peningkatan perkembangan penyakit karat. Curah  hujan menyebabkan lahan pertanaman menjadi basah dan menimbulkan evapotranspirasi yang menyebabkan kebun menjadi lembab dan memudahkan distribusi penyakit dari satu tanaman jagung ke tanaman jagung yang lainnya pada kebun yang sama atau antar kebun. Kondisi perkembangan penyakit yang meningkat juga disebabkan oleh kepekaan tanaman terhadap ras patogen yang sangat virulen terhadap tanaman jagung.

<p>Papua is considered as one of the centre of gaharu productions in Indonesia, because 58% of its natural diversification exist in this region. �The soil microorganism and insect have been known as vector for the penetration of �Fusarium lateritium which cause the gaharu effect.� This research was aimed to identify �both the soil microorganism and insect that associated with gaharu plant.�The result of the study revealed that (1) The soil microorganism that live in gaharu habitate were Trichoderma viridae, Fusarium spp, Corynebacterium sp., Criconemoides sp., and �Pratylenchus sp., and (2) The insect that live in gaharu habitate were Anomala pallida, Hypomyces inflatus, Arachnoidea, Dolichoderes bituberculatus, Oecophylla smaragdina, Dysdercus cingulatus, Teleogryllus mitratus, and dragon Flies.</p>

The objective of this research is to know the pod rot disease�s epidemic in Kosiwo, South Yapen and Angkaisera Distric in Yapen regency. The result shown that the disease intensity in Kosiwo, South Yapen, and Angkaisera is ranged between 54.2 percent to 82.4 percent with average 66 percent. The high level of damage is 82.4 percent found in Ariepi village Kosiwo district and the low level of damage is 54.2 percent in Kontiunai village. The high level of disease intensity is influence by the plant�s susceptibility, the virulence of pathogen, compatibility of environment, and disease management of farmer.

As a kind of plant that has many utilities, experiments about inoculation method of gaharu are done continously. One method that is considered succesful is natural innoculation method which is naturally infected gaharu causing pathogens directly into the soil. In this method, pathogens are directly expected to infect plants root and causing gaharu in tree pig. This research is performed in vivo in the laboratory of plant pests and diseases Fapertek Unipa, by growing the pathogen causes gaharu and soil fungi in the same dish. Observations were made on the types of soil fungi, gaharu causing pathogens and parasites mechanism arising between soil fungi and gaharu pathogens. Results showed that soil fungi inside rhizosf