The academic performance of the student nurses is by the assessment of competence, defined by a student's ability to demonstrate the performance of professional skills or behaviors. Despite its predictabilities, there is no study has been undertaken to determine the factors affecting the academic performance of student nurses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This study employed a quantitative-correlational design. There were 201 student nurses from the College of Nursing at University of Hail selected using convenience sampling. A modified survey questionnaire was utilized to gather data. The said questionnaire was subjected to pilot testing. Content validation and reliability test were conducted using a Cronbach Alpha which revealed a value of 0.940. Four types of factors such teacher-related with a mean 4.16, student-related (3.85), school-related (3.85), and home-related factors (3.54) were observed to have varying extent of effect on the academic performance of student nurses. Likewise age, gender, year level, marital status, socio-economic status and previous school attended by the student nurses showed varying extent of influence on their academic performance. A significant difference in the extent of effect gender has on the academic performance of student nurses as indicated by a t-value of 3.591 been revealed. Whereas, no significant difference was observed on the extent of effect type of school attended had on the academic performance of the student nurses as indicated by a t-value of 0.846; p-value: .398, age (t-value: 1.768; p-value: .155); year level (t-value: 0.530; p-value: .589); marital status (t-value: 1.813; p-value: .166), and socio-economic status (t-value: 0.031; p-value: .970). The identified factors significantly impact on the academic performance of student nurses. This finding is significant as it can be used by school administrators and teachers alike as basis in designing and implementing an intervention program geared towards an improved academic performance among student nurses.

Previous studies have revealed various factors related to nurses’ resilience and predictors of resilience. However, there are no studies analysing the association of three variables—mental well-being, coping strategies, and stress—with resilience. This study aims to assess the impact of mental well-being, levels of stress, and coping strategies on resilience using path analysis. This study used a cross-sectional approach that involved 763 nurses from 16 major hospitals in the eastern and northern regions of Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data gathering was conducted from August to November 2022. The staff nurses possessed positive mental wellness (3.75 ± 1.08), moderate stress levels (3.06 ± 1.21), adequate coping skills (3.33 ± 1.23), and a low level of resilience (2.90 ± 1.040). Age had a small effect on resilience (β = 0.040; p < 0.001) but work experience (β = −0.019; p > 0.139) and marital status (β = 0.019; p > 0.072) were not significant. Conversely, mental well-being (β = 0.043; p < 0.001) and stress (β = −0.089; p < 0.001) had a small effect on resilience, but coping strategies (β = 0.561; p < 0.001) had a large effect on resilience. Therefore, coping strategies must be reinforced at all times to assist nurses and other healthcare professionals in identifying contributing elements that maintain these workers’ resilience in the face of unforeseen and protracted pandemics and other life events.

Introduction this study aimed to determine the prevalence of leaving against medical advice (LAMA) in the local context and the associated predictors to help develop effective strategies to reduce its likelihood. Methods this study employed a retrospective approach using medical records of the 16233 patients between 2016 and 2020 at various government-subsidized hospitals in the Hail region of Saudi Arabia. Results the prevalence of LAMA was the highest in 2019 (91.9%) and 2017 (21.45%) among insured and non-insured patients, respectively. Furthermore, it was the highest among patients aged 20-25 years and the lowest among patients aged 46 years and above. The incidence of LAMA was the highest (15.48% for males and 29.53% for females) in 2016. In 2016-2019, the most common reason for LAMA was “wanted medication only,” while in 2020, the “fear of infection with COVID-19” was the main reason. High blood sugar was the most common diagnosis among the patients under consideration during the study period. Significant association was found between LAMA and patient's insurance status (t = 4.3123; p < 0.002); however, no association was found between LAMA and age (t = -0.8748; p > 0.658) and gender of patients (t = 1.9008; p > 0.302). Conclusion strategies such as developing a suitable environment for patients and taking due care of their needs, providing individual consulting services, enhancing staff relations, and providing support to patients in need are vital. The likelihood of LAMA can be minimized by informing hospitalized patients and their relatives about the adverse effects of LAMA.

It is essential to understand why patients choose to leave the hospital in direct opposition to medical advice. This understanding could help to identify individuals who are at risk of adverse outcomes. In realizing this need, this study aimed to explore the factors contributing to the decision of patients to leave the hospital against medical advice. Materials and Methods: This research employed a descriptive-analytical approach. It was conducted in the city of Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The participants were 13 patients who had opted to leave against medical advice from the Emergency Department of the government-subsidized hospitals. The researchers employed both purposive and snowball sampling. In snowball sampling, the researchers used referrals from initial participants to generate additional participants. Moreover, purposive sampling was used to find the individual that would best contribute to addressing the research issue. The data gathering was conducted from April to June 2022. Results: Five themes emerged based on the accounts of the 13 participant patients. These included (1) health literacy, (2) self-diagnosing, (3) unclear explanations regarding their condition, (4) prolonged waiting times, and (5) communication issues. Conclusion: The factors contributing to patients leaving against medical advice resulted in the five themes mentioned above. While interactions between patients and healthcare professionals may be challenging, pertinent health information must still be handed down clearly to patients.

Introduction Perception of illness (PI) and self-medication (SM) have been thoroughly explored in the existing literature. However, there is a lack of understanding about the mediating effect of health literacy on PI and SM in a non-homogenous population like Saudi Arabia. As such, primary healthcare nurses who have constant interaction with the outpatients have difficulty addressing self-medication. This study aimed to investigate health literacy as mediator between PI and SM among outpatients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods This study employed a cross-sectional approach and was conducted at 10 major primary healthcare (PHC) clinics serving 30 million individuals in 13 different regions of KSA. The 424 outpatients who participated in this study were selected through convenience sampling. Data collection started in November 2022 and concluded in February 2023. Results The mean of the BRIEF (health literacy), self-medication scale (SMS), and PI scores were 13.01 ± 3.32, 27.46 ± 7.01, and 45.56 ± 7.69, respectively. There was a significant relationship between the age and BRIEF scores (p = 0.039), and the level of education was significantly related to all variables, as were nationality and BRIEF scores (p = 0.001). Finally, occupation was significantly related to BRIEF and SMS scores (p = 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Completing college and being non-Saudi had positively significant effects on health literacy (p < 0.01). The structural equation model (SEM) found no effect of PI on health literacy or SM behaviour (p = 0.263 and 0.84, respectively), but health literacy did have an effect on SM behaviour (p˂0.001). Conclusion One of the most effective ways to decrease the prevalence of SM and the associated risks is for primary healthcare nurses to promote public health literacy alongside the control of other conditions.