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BACKGROUND:Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is the most important side effect limiting the use of this medication.AIM:This study aimed to compare the effects of omega-3 and vitamin E on the incidence of peripheral neuropathy in patients receiving Taxol.METHODS:In this clinical trial, 63 patients who were a candidate for receiving taxol, were enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. In group O, patients received 640 mg omega-3 three times a day, and group E, received 300 mg vitamin E two times a day. Patients took the supplements up to three months after the onset of Taxol. Group P received placebo for a similar period. All patients referred to a neurologist for electrophysiological evaluation before the onset of chemotherapy and at months 1 and 3. The presence of neuropathy and its progression was recorded by the neurologist.RESULTS:Neurological examination in this study indicated that 6 patients (28.6%) in Group O, 7 patients (33.3%) in group E, and 15 patients (71.4%) in placebo group started peripheral neuropathy. There was a significant difference between intervention groups and the placebo group (p = 0.0001) and no significant difference between intervention groups (p = 0.751).CONCLUSION:Our data suggested that vitamin E and omega-3 may significantly reduce the incidence of Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy. Routine administration of such supplements that have no special side effect for patients under chemotherapy may greatly enhance their quality of life.

BACKGROUND:The nucleotide changes in different genetic loci increased the incidence risk of breast cancer.AIM:The aim of present study was to investigate genotype distribution at codon 72 of the TP53 gene (rs1042522) in breast cancer patients to achieve a potential diagnostic marker related to some demographic feathers.METHODS:In our case-control study, blood samples were collected from a total of 34 patients harboured breast cancer. DNA was extracted, and nested-PCR was performed. Products were digested with AccII and subsequently were sequenced. Results were compared with samples characteristics.RESULTS:The PCR results indicated the correct implementation of extraction and amplification protocol. The genotypic distribution at codon 72 of TP53 in control group was 20%, 62.4% and 16.6% for Arg (wildtype), Arg/Pro (heterozygous) and Pro (homozygous variant) respectively. Also, this distribution in the patient group was 23.52% homozygous, 50% heterozygous, and 26.47% another homozygous variant (Adjusted odds ratio: 1.12 and 95%CI = 0.57 to 2.2, P = 0.03). The absence of Arg at codon 72 of TP53 is relevant with age higher than 40 years and metastasis to other organs.CONCLUSION:Polymorphism at codon 72 of TP53 was associated with high-grades of breast cancer risk and different responses to chemotherapy treatment. It is recommended genotype distribution of codon 72 of TP53 before chemotherapy.

Background The nucleotide excision repair (NER) system is one of the most important deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair mechanisms and is critical for chemotherapy resistance. We conducted the present study to investigate the association between two polymorphisms of excision of repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1), the key component of the NER pathway, and the clinicopathological features of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 38 patients with confirmed NSCLC were included in our study. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood. ERCC1 rs3212986 (8092) and rs11615 (118) were genotyped using molecular assays including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction fragment length polymorphism (by MboII and HpyCH4 enzymes) and sequencing. Results The PCR results indicated the correct performance of the genomics extraction and molecular protocols. The distribution of C/C, C/A and A/A genotypes at position 8092 was 42.10%, 47.36%, and 10.52% respectively (P=0.03). Multivariate regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between C8092A (rs3212986) polymorphism and metastasis, grade of the tumor, and response to treatment. Individuals carrying the rs3212986 CA genotype and A allele had a significantly worse response to the treatment. Also, the correlation between alteration at this genomics location and patients with NSCLC who used to smoke cigarettes was positive. However, no significant association was detected between rs11615 C118>T polymorphism and demographic characteristics of patients with NSCLC. Conclusion We concluded that in lung cancer patients there is a relationship between tumor stage and rs3212986C>A polymorphism.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Duloxetine on electrodiagnostic findings of Paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer. This randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients with breast cancer who received Paclitaxel as their first chemotherapy session. All the patients were randomly allocated into two groups, intervention (20 subjects) and placebo (20 subjects). The intervention group received 30 mg duloxetine/day in the first week, followed by 60 mg (twice daily) until 8 weeks. The patient neurotoxicity questionnaire (PNQ) was used to evaluate the severity of neuropathy. Nerve conduction study was also performed. The evaluations were performed at the baseline and 8 weeks after the treatment. Out of 20 subjects in the placebo group, 10 (50%) patients had neurotoxicity (two milds, three moderate, four severe, and one incapacitated), according to PNQ. However, in the duloxetine group, two patients had mild neurotoxicity (P = 0.03). Significant differences between groups related to the mean of Median Sensory Latency (P <0.001), Median Motor Latency (P < 0.001), and Median Motor velocity (P = 0.001) were reported. However, the relative risk of polyneuropathy between the two groups (relative risk: 1) was not significant. Regarding the results, duloxetine could be an effective treatment for preventing paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy in patients with breast cancer, and an electrodiagnostic study confirmed this effect.