Iron deficiency anemia is a major health problem in developing countries. Anemia reduces physical work capacity and cognitive function and adversely affects learning and scholastic performance in schoolgirls entering adolescence. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and anemia among adolescent school girls aged 14-20 years from 20 different high schools located in three educational areas of Kermanshah, the capital of Kermanshah province in Western Iran. The prevalence of anemia (Hb<12 mg/dl) among adolescent school girls was 21.4%. Iron deficiency using a ferritin level <12 microg/l was found in 23.7% of studied girls. There were 47 girls (12.2%) with iron deficiency anemia (Hb<12 g/dl and ferritin <20 microg/l). Around 57.3% of anemic girls were iron deficient. There were no significant differences between the presence of anemia and the level of education of parents. The mean levels of hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in studied adolescent girls from Western Iran were found to be lower than those reported for females aged 12-18 years. In conclusion, regarding the detrimental long-term effects and high prevalence of iron deficiency, iron deficiency anemia and anemia in Kermanshah, Western Iran its prevention could be a high priority in the programs of health system of the country and supplementation of a weekly iron dose is recommended.

A new deep eutectic solvent consists of two parts: 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-undecanol in a molar ratio of 1:2. The accuracy of the proposed procedure was also assessed by determining the concentration of the studied metal ions in a polluted farmland soil standard reference material. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

No abstract

Hb D-Los Angeles is characterized by the substitution of glutamine for glutamic acid at position 121 of the beta-globin chain. The present investigation is the first study on the beta-globin gene haplotypes associated with beta-D-Los Angeles in Western Iran. Thirty two individuals from 11 unrelated families from Western Iran were studied. The Hb D-Los Angeles status of all cases was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by digestion with EcoRl. The haplotype of the beta-globin gene cluster was determined by a PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) procedure. The haplotype background of the betaA chromosomes was also determined in 35 normal subjects from the same geographic region. The beta-globin gene haplotype analysis demonstrated that all beta-D-Los Angeles genes (23 genes) were in linkage disequilibrium with haplotype I [+----++]. Among the 70 betaA chromosomes, 30 chromosomes (42.9%) were associated with haplotype I. The present study indicates the unicentric origin of the beta-D-Los Angeles gene in Western Iran. It seems that this mutation may have occurred at the same chromosomal background common in the local population.

No abstract