Biosorption of manganese(II) using suspended and immobilized cells of fungal Penicillium camemberti (biomass) and nano-P. camemberti (nano-biomass) was studied by evaluating the physicochemical parameters of the solution such as initial manganese ion concentration, pH, temperature, dosage, and contact time in both batch system and fixed bed column. The maximum biosorption obtained from the batch process was 91.54 and 71.08 % for nano-biomass and biomass in initial concentration of 5 ppm, respectively. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and BET isotherms isotherm models were used in the equilibrium modeling. The correlation coefficient of more than 0.90 turned out that the adsorption process of Mn(II) on biomass and nano-biomass were in accordance with both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The sorption process followed a second-order rate kinetics indicating the process to be diffusion controlled. The results also demonstrate that an intra-particle diffusion mechanism plays a significant role in the sorption process. The structure of P. camemberti was characterized by FT-IR spectrums.

Removal of Orange 7 from wastewater using natural adsorbent of Moringa Oleifera seeds were investigated.The effects of some operational parameters such as pH, the amount of biosorbent, initial dye concentration and temperature were examined. The present study revealed optimum conditions for the removal process which included dose of biosorbent (0.4 g), initial dye concentration (20 mg/L), initial pH (6) and temperature (25°C). The Langmuir and Freundich isotherms were applied for describing the biosorption equilibrium. The process was represented by the Freundich isotherm with a correlation coefficient of 0.94. The first-order, second-order and intra-particle diffusion kinetic models were implemented for demonstrating the biosorption mechanism and, as a result, intra-particle diffusion kinetics fitted best to the experimental data.

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ABSTRACT:Biosorption is an innovative method to remove nonbiodegradable pollutants, such as heavy metals, from aqueous solutions using a variety of biomaterials (e.g. bacteria, fungi, algae and industrial and agricultural wastes). Compared with other alternatives, these metabolically inactive and nonliving biomasses of microbial or floral origins are cheaper and more effective in removing metallic elements, some of which are toxic and carcinogenic. The discharge of heavy metals, such as copper ions into wastewater is regarded as a serious threat to the environment. Copper, a widely used metal in different industries, is considered one of the most detrimental elements to aquatic life. In this paper, the following topics are discussed: hazardous effects of copper in wastewater, biological methods of Cu removal (biosorption using bacteria and fungi) and the isotherms and kinetic models of adsorption.