Efforts are needed to reduce use of force toward individuals with psychotic disorders. These findings suggest that CIT may be an effective approach. In addition to clinical and programmatic implications, such findings demonstrate a role for clinicians, advocates, and schizophrenia researchers in promoting social justice through partnerships with diverse social sectors.

In this article, I consider the institutional influence of the United Nations on the organizational structures, tactical repertoires, and claims of the global indigenous movement. A predominant sociological paradigm has tended to view a movement's being located in conventional political space as promoting its “institutionalization,” generally understood as a more or less determined process by which social movements undergoing organizational change eschew confrontational strategies and claims for more moderate approaches. This article illustrates that the consequences of interacting with institutions can be rather different than is expected from this paradigm, and thereby reinforces the need for a new approach allowing for more variation in terms of what takes place when social movements engage in conventional political activity.

Basic de-escalation skills training, such as that included in the Crisis Intervention Team (CIT) training curriculum, is a law enforcement training experience designed to equip police officers with knowledge and skills that enable them to initiate specific actions to de-escalate a crisis situation. This type of training involves the acquisition of effective communication and active listening skills, as well as other de-escalation techniques, in addition to role-playing, which involves the demonstration of and practice using the desired skills. De-escalation techniques can be an effective intervention tool that not only helps individuals who are in crisis but also reduces police liability and injury. When an officer applies de-escalation skills appropriately, the probability that he or she will effectively intervene in a crisis is increased and the need for using physical force is minimized.

Within the past 30 years, indigenous peoples have emerged as legitimate subjects of international law with rights to exist as distinct peoples. This shift in international law is the result of activity over the last few decades that has involved hundreds of indigenous leaders, community representatives, and lawyers. Indigenous peoples have become actively engaged in efforts to transform the disposition and direction of international law in order that it might become a supportive force of change in the relations between indigenous peoples and the states in which they live. This article explores those efforts on the part of indigenous peoples. Specifically, it examines the ways in which indigenous peoples have articulated strategic 'frames' that engender support for their aspirations within the international legal system. In doing so, it contributes to an understanding of why and how these rights have emerged. It also contributes to the framing literature, which has not yet been used to explain social movements' outcomes. In this article, however, I demonstrate that framing can also make an impact on the development of law and policy. 1

We extend the numerical methods of a previous paper to the study of the α-effect in a turbulent plasma. In the frozen-turbulence case the α-effect vanishes for zero molecular diffusivity. The value of α is, however, found to depend very sensitively on the molecular diffusivity. The same is true for the turbulent magnetic diffusivity β. The theoretical predictions of the first-order smoothing and the Markovian approximations are well satisfied in the appropriate limits, for both α and β.