Chronic hyperglycemia in Diabetes Mellitus

Changes in foot posture in diabetic neuropathy patients affects the function of the legs as the base support in maintaining body balance. The study aimed to determine the correlation foot posture with functional balance in patients with diabetic neuropathy. This study design was analytic cross sectional, recruited 132 diabetic neuropathy patients. Statistical analysis used Chi Square, Pooled T-test, and multiple logistic regression. The results showed a significant correlation between foot posture and functional balance in diabetic neuropathy patients, the power of correlation is moderate and positive direction (p= 0.001; α= 0.05; r= 0,352). This study suggests the nurse to perform early detection and prevention of the risk of falls in diabetic neuropathy patients related to changes in foot posture and functional balance.

The learning process in higher nursing education develops student competences, such as applying standard precautions, in providing professional nursing care. To improve student knowledge and compliance related to standard precautions requires innovation from lecturers in providing appropriate learning methods. Peer-assisted learning (PAL) can enhance the active role of students and improve achievement. The PAL method involves senior students as peer teachers who help junior students. Using a questionnaire as an assessment instrument, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of PAL on knowledge and compliance in the application of standard precautions in student nurses. This study design was quasi experimental with pre and post assessment and a control group design approach. This research was conducted at the D Hospital in Padang, Indonesia, a hospital where students practice. This study was conducted in June–September 2017 with a sample size of 45. Data analysis using paired t-test showed that the average values of the level of knowledge and skills of students in the application of standard precautions before and after PAL methods differed significantly in the intervention group (p = 0.001). In conclusion, PAL can be applied in the learning process of nursing students to increase student achievement.  Abstrak Efektifitas Metode Peer-Assisted Learning (PAL) Terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Mahasiswa Dalam Penerapan Kewaspadaan Standar. Proses pembelajaran pada pendidikan tinggi keperawatan mengembangkan kompetensi mahasiswa dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan profesional. Salah satu kompentensi mahasiswa adalah menerapkan kewaspadaan standar. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kepatuhan mahasiswa terkait kewaspadaan standar membutuhkan inovasi dari dosen dalam memberikan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai. Metode peer-assisted learning (PAL) merupakan metode pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan peran aktif mahasiswa serta meningkatkan pencapaian kompetensi mahasiswa. Metode PAL melibatkan mahasiswa senior sebagai peer-teacher yang membantu juniornya dalam belajar. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui efektifitas metode PAL terhadap tingkat pengetahuan dan kepatuhan dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Intrumen penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner. Desain penelitian ini adalah quasi experiment dengan pendekatan pre dan post with control group design. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit D di Padang, Indonesia, sebagai salah satu rumah sakit yang menjadi tempat praktik mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Juni – September 2017. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 45 orang. Hasil analisis data menggunakan paired t test menunjukkan nilai rerata tingkat pengetahuan dan keterampilan mahasiswa dalam penerapan kewaspadaan standar sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan metode PAL berbeda secara signifikan pada kelompok intervensi (p= 0,001). Metode PAL dapat diterapkan dalam proses pembelajaran mahasiswa keperawatan karena dapat meningkatkan pencapaian kompetensi mahasiswa. Kata kunci: kewaspadaan standar, mahasiswa keperawatan, peer-assisted learning (PAL)

Background: Patients with terminal renal failure require renal replacement therapy in the form of hemodialysis. Although already have hemodialysis therapy, there is still buildup of metabolic waste in patients’ body that results in a decrease in functional capacity. Decreased functional capacity in hemodialysis patients causes limitations in carrying out physical activities that reduces their quality of life. However, intradialysis physical exercise by using static bike can be a therapy to increase patients’ functional capacity.Objective: This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of static bike exercise toward functional capacity in hemodialysis patients.Research Method: This research is a quantitative study with a quasi-experimental method using pre and post approach with control group design. Intervention and control groups were included in this study. There were 20 people in each group that were selected through consecutive sampling technique as samples of this study. The study was carried out in the hemodialysis room of RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, Padang.Result: The analysis was done using Paired T-Test with a degree of confidence of 95% and showed that intradialysis static bike exercise effectively increased the functional capacity in hemodialysis patients (p = 0.001).Conclusion: Intradialysis static bike exercise can be used as a nursing intervention to increase the functional capacity in hemodialysis patients.

Salah satu akses vaskuler yang digunakan untuk hemodialisis adalah arterivenous fistula (AV-fistula). Kanulasi AV-fistula menimbulkan masalah nyeri pada pasien. Berdasarkan bukti ilmiah, pemijatan pada titik large intestinum 4 (LI-4 atau huko point) adalah intervensi yang dapat diterapkan untuk mengurangi nyeri kanulasi AV-fistula. Tujuan penerapan EBN ini adalah mengidentifikasi efektifitas pemijatan pada titik LI-4 pada penurunan nyeri saat kanulasi AV-fistula pada pasien hemodialisis. Penerapan EBN dilakukan pada bulan April 2017. Jumlah sampel 14 orang pasien hemodialisis. Hasil penerapan EBN menunjukkan pemijatan titik LI-4 efektif dalam menurunkan nyeri kanulasi AV-fistula (p<0,001). Pemijatan pada titik LI-4 dapat diaplikasikan perawat sebagai intervensi manajemen nyeri non farmakologis untuk mengurangi nyeri kanulasi AV-fistula pada pasien hemodialisis.