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Lactate/O 2 biofuel cells (BFC) can have high theoretical energy densities due to high solubility and high fuel energy density; however,they are rarely studiedin comparison to glucoseBFCs. In this paper, lactate oxidase(LOx) was coupled with a ferrocene-based redox polymer(dimethylferrocene-modified linear polyethylenimine, FcMe 2 -LPEI) as the bioanode and laccase (Lc) connected to pyrene-anthracene modified carbon nanotubes (PyrAn-MWCNT) to facilitate the direct electron transfer (DET) at the biocathode.Both electrodes were evaluated in two BFC configurations using different concentrations of lactate, in the range found in sweat (0-40mM).Asingle compartment BFC evaluated at pH 5.6provided anopen circuit potential (OCP)of 0.68 V with a power density of 61.2 μW cm -2 .On the other hand, a microfluidic BFC operating under the same conditions resulted in an OCP of 0.67 V, although an increase in the power density, increasing to 305 μW cm -2 , was © 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the Elsevier user license http://www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/observed. Upon changingthe pH to 7.4in only the anolyte,its performance was further increased to 0.73 V and 404 μW cm -2 , respectively. This workreports the first microfluidic lactate/oxygen enzymatic BFC andshows the importance of microfluidic flow inhigh performing BFCswhere lactate is utilized as the fuel and O 2 is the final electron acceptor.

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