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Los tallos inmaduros de cruceta o jacube (Acanthocereus tetragonus), nopal de cruz (A. subinermis) y pitahaya (Hylocereus undatus) son de consistencia suave y se utilizan en la gastronomía mexicana; pero hay poca información sobre su contenido nutrimental. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la composición proximal y mineral de sus tallos tiernos. El material vegetal se recolectó de una plantación experimental ubicada en Tepoztlán, estado de Morelos, México. Los resultados obtenidos se expresaron en base seca (g/100 g de materia seca). El análisis proximal mostró que, en comparación con valores publicados de tallos tiernos de Opuntia spp., los tallos presentaron mayores (P ≤ 0.05) contenidos de proteína cruda (11.08 a 24.49 g) y fibra cruda (7.86 a 14.79 g), pero menores contenidos (P ≤ 0.05) de cenizas (10.80 a 14.90 g) y extracto etéreo (0.64 a 1.46 g). En cuanto a minerales, las tres especies presentaron alto (P ≤ 0.05) contenido de P (0.19 a 0.37 %), K (2.19 a 4.52 %), Mg (0.55 a 0.66 %), Na (0.07 a 0.89 %) y Zn (8.56 a 32.15 mg kg-1). Acanthocereus sobresalió por su alto (P ≤ 0.05) contenido de Ca (1.51 a 2.16 %), y H. undatus sobresalió por sus contenidos de K (4.82 mg kg-1) y Zn (34.02 mg kg-1).

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and its derivatives, ranks fourth in cereal production worldwide, and the Pleurotus species are among the most efficient types of lignocellulolytic white-rot fungi. The objective of this research study was to evaluate the degradation of barley straw and barley rootless with an inoculum of Pleurotus to improve their nutritional availability as a food source for ruminants. Two experiments were conducted; the first was to determine the effects of inoculation of Pleurotus sapidus (Schulzer) Sacc. (PS) in barley straw (BS), barley rootless (BR), and a 75% BS and 25% BR mixture (M). The second experiment was to evaluate the same substrates in vitro ruminal fermentation. Barley rootless had better organic matter (OM) degradability than BS after 24 h incubation with PS. The protein content in BR was higher than in BS (P < 0.01). Enzyme activities had the highest concentration from the start of fermentation, and in vitro dry matter (DM) degradability in BS and BR increased after 8 and 24 d fermentation, respectively (P < 0.05). Propionic acid concentration was enhanced after 16 d fermentation in BR (P < 0.5). The use of BS combined with BR exhibited better fermentation; this result provides relevant information for integrating BR with other substrates and improving the use of straw, which can be more nutritionally available for feeding ruminants.

Avellaneda-Cevallos, J.H., Montafiez-Valdez, O.D., Gonzalez-Muiioz, S., Pinos-Rodriguez, J., Barcena-Gama, R. and Hernandez-Garay, A. 2009. Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes on dry matter and cell wall in vitro digestibility of Guinea grass hay. J. Appl. Anim. Res., This experiment was conducted to study the effect of a n exogenous fibrolytic enzymatic mixture (Fibrozyme 0, 1.0, 1.5