Nanotechnology is one of the most common areas for current research and development in almost all technological fields. A significant factor is the synergistic benefit of nanoscale dimensions over larger scale alteration. Polymer nanoscience is the analysis and application of nanotechnology to polymer nanoparticle matrices, with nanoparticles described as those with at least one dimension of less than 100 nm. The use of polymer nanotechnology and nanocomposites in practical applications is a rapidly developing area. For making polymeric nanofibers from polymer melts and solutions, a spinning technique is used known as electrospinning. Electrospinning is an easy way to produce ultrafine fibers, which is nanosize. For its wide range of variety of spinning polymeric fibers, it is recommended, as well as producing fibers in nanosize accurately. The aim of this project is to use electrospinning to make nanoclay integrated polycaprolactone membranes. The effects of the nanoclay on morphology, thermal, and sorption behaviors of the electrospun membrane were further studied. The scope of this project work is that the electrospun nanocomposites are best studied for biomedical applications. Because of their influence over porosity, pore size, and fiber diameter, they make excellent scaffold materials.

The marine microalgae Chaetoceros calcitrans were used in the synthesis of silver or argentum nanoparticles. The reduction of silver nitrate to silver nanoparticles is observed in marine microalgae. The silver nanoparticles have a good imperative role in technological fields. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles from marine microalgae is a green nanotechnological method. The silver nanoparticle characterization is then carried out. The presence of silver nanoparticles is confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence, and X-ray diffractometry were used for the characterization analysis of synthesized silver nanoparticles. The research on the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles is made to analyze the antagonistic nature against pathogenic organisms.

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