This work assesses the influence of generic public housing policies in Spain and specific public policies relating to vacation rental housing on residential rental costs in recent years from the perspective of people linked to residential housing rental and vacation rental housing. We used partial least squares structural equation modelling on the data obtained in a survey of 413 individuals with direct links to the fields of tourism and real estate. The results obtained by the model confirm the influence of the growth in holiday tourist housing and the implementation of public housing policies on rises in residential rent. These conclusions can inform public policy measures in the general area of housing and, specifically, in the area of holiday homes, toward reducing the impacts of certain factors on access to housing in the province of Málaga. The main contribution of this work is the direct collection of the opinions of people related to residential and tourist housing on the Costa del Sol.
This study examines the influence of students’ individual attitude and social interactions on participation in collaborative and gamified online learning activities, as well as the influence of participating in those activities on students’ online class- and test-related emotions. Based on a sample of 301 first year Economics and Law university students and using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling approach, all the relationships among first-order and second-order constructs included in the model are validated. The results support all the hypotheses studied, confirming the positive relationship that both students’ individual attitude and social interactions have on participation in collaborative and gamified online learning activities. The results also show that participating in those activities is positively related with class- and test-related emotions. The main contribution of the study is the validation of the effect of collaborative and gamified online learning on university students’ emotional well-being through the analysis of their attitude and social interactions. Moreover, this is the first time in the specialised learning literature that students’ attitude is considered as a second-order construct operationalised by three factors: the perceived usefulness that this digital resource brings to the students, the entertainment that this digital resource brings to the students, and the predisposition to use this digital resource among all those available in online training. Our findings aim to shed light for educators when preparing and designing computer mediated and online teaching programs that seek to generate positive emotions as a motivation for students.
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