Background: Caryota urens flowers and Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaves have huge beneficial properties, medicinal uses and rich phyto-pharmacological constituents. Nutraceutical potentiality of the selected plants on the basis of phytochemicals present in the aerial parts of Caryota urens and Hyophorbe lagenicaulis were taken as the background of the study. Aim: The present study investigates the nephroprotective potentiality of Caryota urens flowers and Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaves against cisplatin and gentamycin induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods:The extract of Caryota urens flowers and Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaves were screened for preliminary phytochemical analysis. The in vitro antioxidant activity of Caryota urens flower extract (CUFE) and Hyophorbe lagenicaulis leaves extract (HLLE) was performed by DPPH and H 2 O 2 radical scavenging activity. In vivo acute oral toxicity test was performed by following OECD guideline 420. The screening models for cisplatin and gentamycin induced nephrotoxicity by using albino Wistar rats were also carried out. Results: In in vitro antioxidant studies CUFE and HLLE (*p<0.01 and **p<0.001) for both standard and test drugs. It also act as potent nutraceuticals in cisplatin and gentamycin induced nephrotoxicity (**p<0.001). No major side effects were seen in any of the experimental animal during acute oral toxicity. Conclusion: CUFE and HLLE (1:1) have nutritionally rich source of dietary food supplements and due to this they are also helpful in managing the commercial drugs induced nephrotoxicity.

Objective: Ang (1-7) recognised as a biologically active component of renin angiotensin system (RAS). It has been documented that peripheral activity of Ang (1-7) gets reduced during diabetic nephropathy (DN) which is one of the most common cause of end stage renal disease. Peripheral activity of RAS is regulated by brain RAS. The purpose of present study is to investigate the role of brain angiotensin (1-7) in chronic hyperglycemia induced nephropathy in wistar rats. Material and methods: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is induced by single dose of alloxan (120 mg/kg: i.p.). The biochemical parameters related to DN was estimated using commercially available kits. Results: Diabetic rat, after 8 weeks of alloxan administration shows elevated serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, protein in urine, kidney weight/body weight and deceased level of serum nitrite. However, intracerebroventricular treatment with Ang (1-7) (4.8 µg/day) and valsartan (100 nmol/ day) (which do not cross blood brain barrier) alone and combination of Ang (1-7) and valsartan for 2 weeks markedly attenuated these changes and increased serum nitrite in DN induced rats. Conclusion: The finding of this study suggests that brain Ang (1-7) play a vital role in controlling the peripheral activity of RAS in diabetic nephropathy which may be due to the decreased central sympathetic outflow and peripheral activity of Ang II.

Background:In general, use of herbal medicines are considered as the backbone in traditional system of medicines as it has been used for food, flavoring agents and in the form of medicines. Keeping in knowledge the increasing demand of herbal drugs over their synthetic counter parts and to restrain the worldwide problem of multidrug resistance (MDR) in hepatoprotective activity. Neolamarckia cadamba that is commonly called Cadamb is a standout amongst the most significant therapeutic plants having a place with the Rubiaceae family. It is one of such Ayurvedic cure that has been referenced in numerous Indian restorative written works. The arrangement of work includes gathering and confirmation of stem bark of cadamb plant pursued by shade drying, granulating, and extraction by two-fold cool maceration, phytochemical examination lastly screening of pharmacological exercises as expressed. Aim: The present study was carried out to establish hepatoprotective activity of hydro alcoholic extract of stem bark of Neolamarckia cadamba by using two established hepatotoxic screening models in Swiss albino mice (chloroform induced hepatotoxicity and iron over dose induced hepatotoxicity). Materials and Methods:The hepatoprotective activity of Neolamarckia cadamba was screened by hydro alcoholic extract of stem bark of Neolamarckia cadamba (NCHAE). The experimental animals were treated with corn oil and chloroform for a period of 7 days at a dose of 0.75mg/kg body weight, p.o to induce hepatotoxicity. In the second experimental model over dose of iron dextran induced hepatic damage was performed by administering 100 mg/kg, i.p.upto7 days, 3 consecutive periods. Blood samples were collected for the estimation of biochemical parameters and histopathological changes in liver was also performed. Silymarin (50 mg/kg; body weight) was used as standard referral of hepatoprotective agent. Results: Chloroform and iron over dose treatment were induced higher levels of liver marker enzymes and showed damage of hepatocytes. In histopathological findings there were significant opposed treatment with Neolamarckia cadamba dose dependently. The results indicated that biochemical changes produced by both the hepatotoxicity models were restored to normal by NCHAE. In the present study, the results of NCHAE was found significant hepatoprotective effect (***p<0.01) against both the inducing agents, which was indicated by the enhancement in biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The current study confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of NCHAE against the chloroform induced hepatotoxicity and iron over dose induced hepatotoxicity models and the activity is likely related to its potent antioxidant and ironchelating property. NCHAE therefore needs to be for further in-deep studies to correlate its bioactive constituents responsible for the pharmacological activity selected.

There are many widely used medicinal plants in the Oleaceae family, which also includes the species Jasminum. Typical uses for the Jasminum species, which include Jasminum auriculatum vahl, J. humile, J. flexile Vahl, J. grandiflorum L, J. polyanthum, J. officinale, J. multiflorum, J. aungustifolium, J. pubescens, and J. sambac, include anti-Jasmine oil is commonly used in aromatherapy. The presence of a wide range of bioactive substances in Jasminum plants, including fatty acids, glycosides, coumarins, sterols, terpenoids, esters, and phenolics, may be the cause of their therapeutic effects. The combined impact of essential oils is responsible for the aromatherapy’s antibacterial, anti-acne, spasmolytic, and other properties. According to phytochemical studies, phenolic compounds are significantly more bioactive than the bulk of terpenoids and other chemicals. The medicinal potentials of phenolic components have been extensively studied, including their anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antioxidant, lipid peroxidation, ACE inhibitor, vasodilation, antioxidant, and antiaging capabilities, as well as their wound healing and protective characteristics. The medicinal potentials of phenolic chemicals are reviewed in the current research, coupled with Jasminum’s phyto screening and ethnobotanical features.

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