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The relationship between attention and incidental learning during discrimination training was studied in 30 children, aged 10 to 11. A polymetric eye-movement recorder measured direct visual attention. Consistent with previous findings, recall of incidental stimuli was greatest during the initial and terminal stages of intentional learning. Contrary to previous explanations, however, visual attention to incidental stimuli was not related to training. While individual differences in attention to incidental stimuli were predictive of recall, attention to incidental stimuli was not related to level of training. Results suggested that changes in higher order information processing rather than direct visual attention were responsible for the curvilinear learning of incidental stimuli during intentional training.

This study investigated the effects of preloads of drinking following the induction of hypercomplex thirst in 28 female Wistar rats. Food and water were removed for 24 h. PG (5 ml] and hypotonic saline (3 ml] were injected 6 and 1 h, respectively, before water was presented for 1 h. One-half hour before drinking, four preload treatments were administered: (a) 5 ml tap water, (b) 5 mI isotonic saline, (c) 5 ml water and 5 mI isotonic saline, or (d) sham intraperitoneal injection. Through successive trials, each rat received each treatment. Water preloads and isotonic saline preloads significantly reduced drinking. Water and water plus isotonic saline reduced drinking significantly more than isotonic saline. Under the present conditions, cellular dehydration was a much more dominant stimulus than hypovolemia. Contrary" to expectation, water plus isotonic saline preloads did not reduce drinking more than water preloads alone. Apparently the additivity of complex thirst stimuli previously shown during induction does not extend to preload reduction.