BackgroundInpatient dysglycemia, including hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, and increased glycemic variability, is associated with an increase in hospital-related complications and mortality. 1 Hyperglycemia in diabetic patients hospitalized in the general ward, surgical units, [2][3][4][5] or the intensive care unit 6 is associated with poor clinical outcomes, including longer hospital stay and higher deconditioning, sepsis, and mortality rates. Therefore, optimization of glycemic control in hospitalized patients has been proposed as a necessary and cost-effective strategy. 6 However, implementation of an intensive glucose management program increases the risk of hypoglycemia. Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) may improve the management of patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in the general ward by facilitating the detection of hyper-and hypoglycemic episodes. However, the lack of data on the accuracy and safety of CGM have limited its application.Methods: A prospective pilot study was conducted including 38 patients hospitalized in the general ward with a known diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hyperglycemic individuals without a history of DM with a blood sugar of 140-400 mg on admission treated with a basal bolus insulin regimen. Inpatient glycemic control and the incidence of hypoglycemic episodes were compared between detection by CGM of interstitial fluid for up to 6 days and point-of-care (POC) capillary blood glucose monitoring performed pre-and postprandially, before bedtime and at 3 am.Results: No differences in average daily glucose levels were observed between CGM and POC (176.2 ± 33.9 vs 176.6 ± 33.7 mg/dl, P = .828). However, CGM detected a higher number of hypoglycemic episodes than POC (55 vs 12, P < .01). Glucose measurements were clinically valid, with 91.9% of patients falling within the Clarke error grid A and B zones.
Conclusions:Our preliminary results indicate that the use of CGM in type 2 patients hospitalized in the general ward provides accurate estimation of blood sugar levels and is more effective than POC for the detection of hypoglycemic episodes and asymptomatic hypoglycemia.
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