The Cancer Education Survey collected data from 126 of 128 US Medical Schools on the current status of cancer-related educational activities for undergraduate medical students. The study was conducted by a Supervisory Committee of the American Association for Cancer Education, with funding from the American Cancer Society. The survey obtained data concerning institutional characteristics in support of undergraduate medical student cancer education, ie, administrative structures, current cancer-related curricula, sources of financial support, and anticipated changes in these characteristics. Institutions were also queried on specific topics of cancer prevention, detection, and diagnosis that might be taught as identifiable areas of instruction for medical students. Three-fourths of the institutions had a lecture on the principles of cancer screening, and, among those, nearly three-fourths classified it as a part of a required course or rotation. Detection of common cancers is taught in virtually all institutions. The least likely cancer prevention lecture topics are related to prevention and cessation of smoking, a well-verified cancer risk. Also, no consistent pattern emerges that might indicate that association with a cancer center imparts to a medical school a greater emphasis on delivery of cancer prevention topics.
The Latino/a Research & Policy Center (LRPC), at the University of Colorado (UC) at Denver and Health Sciences Center built the Greater Denver Latino Cancer Prevention Network, a successful cancer prevention network, in 6 Denver metro area counties. The Network consisted of 23 Latino community‐based organizations, health clinics, social service agencies, faith‐based groups, and employee‐based organizations; 2 migrant health clinics; and 14 scientific partners including the UC Comprehensive Cancer Center, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, and the American Cancer Society. The Network focused on 5 significant cancers: breast, cervical, lung, colorectal, and prostate cancer. The Steering Committee initiated a review process for junior researchers that resulted in 5 NCI‐funded pilot projects. Pilot projects were conducted with various Latino populations. The Network developed community education and health promotion projects including the bilingual outreach play The Cancer Monologues. The Network's partnership also started and held 2 annual health fairs, Dia de la Mujer Latina/Day of the Latina Woman, and annual health prevention summits. The Special Population Network (SPN) adapted and revised a clinical trials education outreach module that reached Network community partners. SPN partners recruited Latino/a students to cancer research through a6‐week NCI training program held yearly at the UCHSC campus. The Network methodology of bringing together the Latino community with the scientific community increased the level of awareness of cancer in the Latino community and increased cancer research and the level of engagement of the scientific partners with the Latino community. Cancer 2006. © 2006 American Cancer Society.
One hundred and forty-six previously untreated patients with advanced gastric cancer were assigned at random to therapy with the following regimens: 1) Methyl CCNU alone; 2) Methyl CCNU with cyclophosphamide induction; 3) 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + methyl CCNU; and 4) 5-FU + methyl CCNU with cyclophosphamide induction. Cyclophosphamide induction produced an objective response rate of only 8%. In addition, it added to hematologic toxicity and detracted from the therapeutic activity of subsequent treatment. Methyl CCNU was relatively ineffective therapy with an overall objective response rate of 8%. The response rate to 5-FU + methyl CCNU without cyclophosphamide induction was 40% and this was significantly superior to all other regimens. The survival time of all patients treated with 5-FU + methyl CCNU was significantly superior to that of all patients treated with methyl CCNU alone.
of a given patient are composed exclusively of molecules having either type I or type II L chains (7,8).This report will present evidence that populations of isolated erythrocyte autoanfibodies exhibit a strikingly high frequency of L chain homogeneity. Some of these autoantibody populations bearing only one detectable L chain type may also display relative homogeneity in electrophoretic mobility. Materials and MethodsHuman Antibodies.--For isolation of autoantibodies, bleedings from patients 2 were taken into 0.01 M Na2EDTA or ACD solution, a Eluates from 6 times washed RBC stromata were made by acidification (14) or by heating at 60°C for 30 minutes. 8 Anfi-Rho antibodies (anti-D) (anti-Rhl) (15) from individual donor sera 4 were reacted at 37°C with the 6 times washed RBC of a healthy donor whose phenotype was O R_ho (ccDee) (Rh: 1, --2, --3, 4, 5) (15). Eluates from the washed, sensitized RBC were made by acidification. These eluates displayed no reactivity with Orh (ccddee) (Rh: --1, --2, --3, 4, 5) RBC. None of the Rh antisera or elnates contained demonstrable saline agglutinating activity for O Rho RBC. Autoantibody and Rh antibody eluates were concentrated by negative pressure ultrafiltration through collodion membranes. The only immunoglobulin detectable by hemagglutination and immunodiffusion in the concentrated eluates was 7S 5'-globulin. 5Antigens.--Bence Jones (B J) proteins, the pathologic equivalent of normal L chains (16), were isolated from urines of myeloma patients, Sm. (type I) and S1. (type II), by precipitation in 55 per cent saturated ammonium sulfate followed by chromatography on DEAE cellulose (17). Highly purified 7S myeloma globulins were obtained by utilizing their properties as euglobulins or cryoglobulius. The original typing of BJ and myeloma proteins was established by Ouchterlony analyses employing reference BJ proteins kindly supplied by Dr. Leonhard Korngold (6).Antisera.--Anti-Bence Jones sera (anti-B J) were made in rabbits by immunization with the Sin. or S1. BJ protein in complete Freund's adjuvant, followed by intravenous administration of alum precipitates. The resulting antisera were absorbed in small increments with BJ protein and isolated 7S myeloma globulin of the opposite type, and finally with the fast fragment of normal human 7S "),-globulin prepared by published methods (18,19). In Ouchterlony analysis the absorbed antisera gave a single precipitin line with Cohn Fr. II, and this line fused completely with the lines given by several BJ proteins and myeloma globulins of the corresponding type and with the line given by L chains obtained from normal q/-giobulin (20). No precipifin lines were detected against a wide range of concentrations of the following antigens: BJ proteins and myeloma globulins of the opposite type, the fast fragment from normal "y-globulin, and the urinary "H chains" of Franklin's patient, Cr. (21). s Anti-7S2 We are indebted to the following physicians for allowing us to study their patients: Dr. Scott N. Swisher, Dr. Stanley B. Troup, and Dr....
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