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Much research in text planning has been oriented towards identifying the rhetorical component of communication knowledge that allows for the structuring of coherent multi-sentential or even multi-paragraph text. However, several researchers have recently found rhetoric-based top-down approaches to be inadequate for their particular needs. In this paper, we explore the issue by introducing the concept of "domain communication knowledge" as a new analytical tool. By analyzing two existing rhetoric-based text planners, and by closely analyzing a particular genre, namely reports, we conclude that domain-specific knowledge about communication is pervasive and should be represented explicitly for the text planning task.La plupart des travaux de recherche dans la planification de textes ont kt6 orient& vers I'identification de la composante rhttorique de la connaissance de la communication, qui permet de structurer de manikre coherente un texte I phrases ou I paragraphes multiples. D'autre part, plusieurs chercheurs ont rCcemment constati que les approches descendants basks sur la rhbtorique ne convenaient pas I leurs besoins particuliers. Dans cet article, les auteurs examinent la question en utilisant un nouvel outil analytique, soit le concept de (( connaissance du domaine relite I la communication D. En Ctudiant deux planificateurs de textes existants et an analysant de t r b prts un genre particulier, soit des rapports, les auteurs concluent que la connaissance specifique du domaine a propos de la communication est subtile et devrait faire l'objet d'une representation explicite pour la planification de textes.Mots rlks : planification de textes, rhetorique, sources de connaissances dans la production de textes. [Traduit par la rkdaction]Cornput. Intell. 7, 305-314 (1991) Background and problem definitionMuch recent research in text planning has been oriented towards identifying the rhetorical component of communication knowledge that allows for the structuring of coherent multi-sentential or even multi-paragraph text. By communication knowledge we mean general, domain-independent knowledge about how to use language in order to communicate effectively. Such knowledge includes both rhetoric and thematic knowledge. Rhetoric is knowledge about how to use language in order to accomplish communicative goals. Since this paper is concerned with text planning, we will restrict our attention to the component of rhetoric that relates text structure to communicative goals; we will use the term "rhetoric" in this paper in the restricted sense. Thematic knowledge relates the thematic function of sentence elements to the thematic function of elements in adjacent sentences. While recognizing the important role of thematic structure' (and other issues such as salience) in building cohesive texts, we will concentrate in this paper on the role and limitations of rhetoric, since rhetoric has been considered central to the choice and organization of propositional content in the text planning literature. 'See, for example, Carcagno and ...

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Abstract. This paper describes an approach for handling structural divergences and recovering dropped arguments in an implemented Korean to English machine translation system. The approach relies on canonical predicate-argument structures (or dependency structures), which p r o vide a suitable pivot representation for the handling of structural divergences and the recovery of dropped arguments. It can also be converted to and from the interface representations of many o -the-shelf parsers and generators.

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