Abstract. The Capillary Zone Electrophoretic separation of the four common enzymes of Cellulase, the endo-(EG I, EG 11) and the exo-(CBH I, and CBH 11) glucohydrolases from the fungi Trichoderma Reesei, is presented. The separation using underivatized fused silica capillaries with 0.03 M Na,HPO, at an optimum pH of 9.2 proved successful, rapid, and reproducible. Variations in buffer type, ionic strength, pH, temperature, and reduced electroosmotic flow and their effects on the separation were investigated revealing a significant effect on the efficiency, the separation, and the integrity of the enzymes. o 1995 John W i k y & Sons. Inc.

fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThis paper will describe the ongoing Granite Wash completion project in the Buffalo Wallow field in Hemphill and Wheeler Counties, Texas. This study will discuss the reservoir development and characteristics, current and former completion techniques, and production comparisons. The goal for this study is to use best practices gained from a statistical analysis and new chemical technologies for completion procedures in the Granite Wash project utilizing a permeability core testing apparatus for optimized regained permeability in fracturing fluids.Surface modification agents (SMAs) and their coating onto proppant have been applied in treatments of thousands of wells in the last 10 years and have undeniably improved their productivity in terms of production rates and duration. The coating of these SMA materials has been found to dramatically enhance the recovery of aqueous-based fracturing fluids during well cleanup after fracturing treatments. As a result, a significant improvement in gas production has been observed in treated wells. Friction-reduction polymer antiflocculants have been developed to reduce the tendency of these polymers to damage the proppant pack/reservoir interface, resulting in a decreased effective fracture length. A nonionic, micro-emulsion surfactant has been developed to reduce capillary pressure in producing hydraulic fractures via surface tension reduction and contact angle modification. These chemicals have been used in various combinations; the field results as well as testing results will be presented.A patented low-permeability core testing apparatus has tested two granite wash core samples from the Buffalo Wallow field for regained permeability using frictionreduction polymer anti-flocculants, SMAs (specifically diagenesis protective agents), and micro-emulsion surfactants. In addition, basic water-frac additive packages have been applied to continue the optimization of water fracs in the Texas Panhandle to increase long-term natural gas production.The data from those tests and field case histories will be discussed.

This paper was prssantad at the SPE 1985 ProductionOperations Symposiumheld In Oklahoma City, Oiiahoma, kiamn IU-IZ, I%a. The~~iWki b -----.-. subjectto correctionby the author. Permissbn to oopyis raatrbted to an abstmct cdnot mom than SW wds. Write SPE, P.O. Sox S3SSS6,Rkhardaon, Texaa 7SOBSSSS. Telex: 7S0S89 SPE DAL. A8STRACT activatoris added to produce a gelled fluid needed for downhole conditions. Treatmentsin the Olmos Successfulstimulationof the Olmos FormationIn have evolved up to 1,800,000pounds [816, 500~] of McMullan County, Texas, has proven to be challenging. 20/40 mesh Ottawa sand and 250,000 gallons [946 m'] Initialattempte at fracturingthe Olmos using water-of gellad fluid. Jobs are pumped at 12 bbl/min base fluide and low proppant concentrationsdid not [114ms/see] for up to 10 hours, averaging 12 lb of prove to be very successful. Core studies have indi-sand/gal of fluid [1400 Kg of sand~ms of fluid] cated this formationto have a fluid retention with a maximum concentrationof 17 lb of sand/gal tendency. Gelled hydrocarbonfluids with high sand of fluid [2000 Kg of sand/mg of fluid]. The wells concentrationsare now being used as a fracturing ao treated have respondedwith more sustained system with significantlyimprovad success. productionthan wells treatedwith lees temperature .+.L1-~1..~a. .--+ei~i~gLower eon~entrationsof m&,auA= .&w&u-."-. The transitionto gallad oils capable of carry-sand. ing high eand concentrationshas preeantedcome unique challengesto t-heindustrybeeaiieẽ~itiOiiS d tb.e LabQraEoryetudies, treatmentmethode, comple-Olmos Formationare at depths approaching10,000 ft tion and productiondata will be presented. [3050m] with bottomholetemperaturaato 259°F [126°Cj. T% =Gst swcessfttlf~ECtE~in~treatment GEOLOGY in the Olmos appear to result from long fractures propped with high concentrationsof propping agent. The Olmos sand is an upper Cretaceoussand unit The long fracturescontact additionalreeerveeend in the predominantlyshale and silt sequencesof the high sand concentrationsnot only produce highly the Navarro Fonnatlonat a depth of approximately conductivefracturasbut also settled bank heights 9,800 ft [2990m]. Recent discoveriesof deep Olmos capable of filling the fracture below and through tha productionextend from western Liva Oak County Olmos zone. Fluid viscositiesrequired for these westward through McMullen$La Salle, and into Webb treatmentswere based upon pre-fracturinganalyses County. The A.W.P. field is located 3.5 miles [5.6 and computer evaluations,which determinedfluid inn]from Tilden in McMullen County (Fig. 1). The efficiencyand fracture closure times. This posed a field is approximately6 miles [9.7 km] east-westby problem as the commonlyavailable oil-basedfracturing 7 miles [11.3 km] north-south. The field currently fluids either did not have sufficientfluid viscosity comprisesapproximately100 oil and associatedgas downhole over extended periods at high tamper=?are~Q mYn~etiQn* (at least six hours at 259°F [126"C])or, if they did meat this requirementto place the pro...

fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractThis paper will describe the ongoing Granite Wash completion project in the Buffalo Wallow field in Hemphill and Wheeler Counties, Texas. This study will discuss the reservoir development and characteristics, current and former completion techniques, and production comparisons. The goal for this study is to use best practices gained from a statistical analysis and new chemical technologies for completion procedures in the Granite Wash project utilizing a permeability core testing apparatus for optimized regained permeability in fracturing fluids.Surface modification agents (SMAs) and their coating onto proppant have been applied in treatments of thousands of wells in the last 10 years and have undeniably improved their productivity in terms of production rates and duration. The coating of these SMA materials has been found to dramatically enhance the recovery of aqueous-based fracturing fluids during well cleanup after fracturing treatments. As a result, a significant improvement in gas production has been observed in treated wells. Friction-reduction polymer antiflocculants have been developed to reduce the tendency of these polymers to damage the proppant pack/reservoir interface, resulting in a decreased effective fracture length. A nonionic, micro-emulsion surfactant has been developed to reduce capillary pressure in producing hydraulic fractures via surface tension reduction and contact angle modification. These chemicals have been used in various combinations; the field results as well as testing results will be presented.A patented low-permeability core testing apparatus has tested two granite wash core samples from the Buffalo Wallow field for regained permeability using frictionreduction polymer anti-flocculants, SMAs (specifically diagenesis protective agents), and micro-emulsion surfactants. In addition, basic water-frac additive packages have been applied to continue the optimization of water fracs in the Texas Panhandle to increase long-term natural gas production.The data from those tests and field case histories will be discussed.