Delivering psychotherapy by videoconference could significantly increase the accessibility of empirically validated treatments. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT) for panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) when the therapy is delivered either face-to-face or by videoconference. A sample of 21 participants was treated either face-to-face or by videoconference. Results showed that CBT delivered by videoconference was as effective as CBT delivered face-to-face. There was a statistically significant reduction in all measures, and the number of panic-free participants among those receiving CBT by videoconference was 81% at post-treatment and 91% at the 6-month follow-up. None of the comparisons with face-to-face psychotherapy suggested that CBT delivered by videoconference was less effective. These results were confirmed by analyses of effect size. The participants reported the development of an excellent therapeutic alliance in videoconference as early as the first therapy session. The importance of these results for treatment accessibility is discussed. Hypotheses are proposed to explain the rapid creation of strong therapeutic alliances in videoconferencing.

Many studies have shown the feasibility of psychiatric consultation in telehealth, and some have addressed the effectiveness of telepsychotherapy. However, outcome studies on telepsychiatry essentially amount to a few case studies, none of which have used an empirically validated psychosocial treatment to treat a specific mental disorder. This article presents the preliminary results of an outcome study on the effectiveness of telepsychotherapy for panic disorder with agoraphobia. Participants received 12 sessions of cognitive-behavior therapy, which is an empirically validated treatment for panic disorder with agoraphobia. The treatment was delivered via videoconference by trained therapists according to a standardized treatment manual. The remote site was located at 130 km north of the local site and both were linked by six ISDN lines. Telepsychotherapy demonstrated statistically and clinically significant improvements on measures of target symptoms (frequency, of panic attacks, panic apprehension, severity of panic disorder, perceived self-efficacy) and measures of global functioning (trait anxiety, general improvement). Of interest was the fact that a very good therapeutic alliance was built after only the first telepsychotherapy session. Factors that may reduce the effectiveness of telepsychotherapy are discussed. 999

Ipsapirone, an azapirone with 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT1A) partial agonist activity, has been shown in preliminary studies to be effective in the treatment of major depressive disorder. This 8-week, randomized, double-blind study compared the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of three fixed doses of controlled-release ipsapirone (10-, 30-, and 50-mg dose once daily) with placebo in 410 patients with moderate to severe major depression (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D] score > or = 20). The 10-mg ipsapirone treatment arm was discontinued early in the study. A total of 390 patients were eligible for evaluation in the intent-to-treat sample. The primary efficacy variable was the change in HAM-D total score from baseline to visit 8. There was no significant difference in efficacy in the two treatment groups versus the placebo group. The overall treatment response, defined as a 50% decrease in the HAM-D total score from baseline, was 43% with ipsapirone 50 mg given once daily, 34% with ipsapirone 30 mg given once daily, and 35% with placebo. In subanalyses, ipsapirone 50 mg given once daily was superior to placebo according to the HAM-D Core Depression (mood, guilt, interest, psychomotor activity) subtotal (p = 0.0453) and Melancholic item (p = 0.0225). Ipsapirone 30 mg given once daily was superior to placebo only in patients with moderate depression (baseline HAM-D total score < or = 25; p = 0.0100). The most common adverse effect in all groups was headache. The only dose-dependent adverse effects were dizziness and nausea.