No abstract

This paper presents a critical reaction to the Surgeon General's recent report and recommendations on American health. Entitled Healthy People, the report has been described as providing impetus for a "second public health revolution." Our analysis leaves us less than enthusiastic. We first summarize the Report, noting its heavy emphasis on lifestyle. We then compare its tenets with those of the nineteenth century public health revolution. The Report recognizes social and economic conditions as significant factors in determining health but fails to incorporate this recognition in its policy recommendations. Instead, it places the burden of its recommendations on the reform of individual behavior. We explain this focus in terms of the continued centrality of the ideology of individualism and its collective counterpart, social and political pluralism. We then examine the ways in which these ideologies act on the Report and we suggest why the proposals they shape are unlikely to be successful.

Children living on 'the edge-of-care' are typically known to local safeguarding authorities and are considered likely to face risks to their safety. Many are subject to a child protection plan and/or involved in 'pre-proceedings' processes. A growing number of their parents face (un)diagnosed mental health difficulties as well as economic and social precarity. This article draws on a mixed methods evaluation of a pilot service in the East of England offering a therapeutically-led attachmentbased intervention for families. The service cross-cuts health and social care, allowing psychologists and psychotherapists to work alongside social workers and other practitioners. The evaluation examined psychological and safeguarding outcomes and explored practitioner perspectives. A key outcome was that 85.4% of families were enabled to remain, or reunite with their child, compared with an estimated 50% of 'edge-of-care' cases nationally. This supports the need for similarly oriented interventions that could help lower the incidence of child removals.

This paper examines the dynamics of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) stakeholder salience namely; power, legitimacy and urgency. Data is drawn from a doctoral research fieldwork, undertaken from 2013-2016 in two long running CBT villages in Northeastern Thailand which are Ban Prasat; an archaeological site in Nakhon Ratchasima province, and the ethnic Phu Tai cultural village of Ban Khok Kong in Kalasin province. Instruments include secondary data, participatory and non-participatory observations, and in-depth interviews using semi-structured questions with 53 key informants selected from 5 pre-defined stakeholder groups. Content analysis is employed using a modified stakeholder salience framework. The paper is structured into four main parts; an introduction to the theoretical foundations of the research, the examination of "legitimate" stakeholder groups and their dynamic relations, the discussion of stakeholder salience's fundamental concepts of "who and what really matters", and the limitations of applying a stakeholder approach in the CBT context. Findings unfold subtle but complex layers of process dynamics and stakeholder relationship. Women and the elderly are the backbone of a CBT process. Stakeholders play various roles based on group member skills. Roles and responsibilities are contingent, inclusive, and non-hierarchical. Functional differentiation serves as a management parameter and determines stakeholder urgency. Though CBT is managed through a participatory decision making process, the leaders are the most powerful stakeholder groups controlling tourism resources and regulations. CBT stakes are collective benefits. Normative legitimacy is found to be the most critical aspect. Interest overlap and the dynamic range of the stakeholder interrelations found in both CBT communities are too contingent and transitory for a unified thought on CBT management. Stakeholder interrelations transit as the setting evolves and the stakeholders themselves make decisions or change their opinions. This subjective element highlights moral essentiality and leadership dependence. Legitimacy is inevitably another form of power.

In this article the authors discuss on topics arising from globalization issues that should be included in public administration education. Globalization is a pervasive force for the foreseeable future, and both public administrators and public administration education must adapt and respond to that force. Factors assocated with globalization are having, and are likely to continue to have, profound effects on the public institutions. And the institutions will play a critial role in determining who benefits and who loses from globalization, both within nations and between them. How public institutions engage globalization issues will depend upon a number of factors, some of which are seemingly beyond anyone's control. One of the factors we can control is how we educate people in public roles. Paying careful attention to the content of public service education, as well as the more subtle but powerful proces issues associated with that education, can gave large public benefits.