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Value, of course is what every marketer should be all about. The marketers who figure out how to add value will thrive even in these rough times. The ones who treat value as a jargon of the age may end up wishing they had never heard of value marketing (Business Week, November 11 1991).

The concept and importance of supply chain management (SCM) has been introduced and described at length in the literature. Several mostly conceptual definitions of SCM were found. To classify these multiple definitions and extend SCM to include a process orientation a conceptual model of SCM evolution was developed. This research proposes that SCM is an evolving concept with individual firms at different stages in their adoption of the concept. In its most advanced form SCM is not a subset of logistics but is a broad strategy which cuts across business processes both within the firm and through the channels required to reach the customer and involves the firm's suppliers. Thus SCM as a concept is organization‐wide; not logistics‐specific. An exploratory study of purchasing professionals was performed and it was determined that their definitions of SCM focused on developing relations with suppliers including partnerships. SCM provided purchasers multiple benefits including improved supplier coordination. This improved coordination resulted in greater commitment to long‐term supplier relations, with a focus on reducing cost to the buying organization.

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JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org.. Clark University is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Economic Geography.In much of the developing world, capital cities are interfaces between cultures epitomized by the hoe and digging stick and those dominated by the machine. These cities are centers of cultural contact, innovation, and diffusion, and it is appropriate to refer to them as foci of the processes of modernization revolutionizing traditional societies [12, 13, 14]. Nevertheless, for many of these cities, including the post-colonial capitals of West Africa, the rate of change has created serious problems of internal ad- justment [5, 15, 18, 20]. Indeed, it was not until after World War II that urbanbased industries were established in any significant numbers in West Africa [8].It is not surprising, therefore, that the impress of modernization on these cities is so uneven at present, and even the casual observer is struck by the conspicuous areal variations in the trappings of modernity in these metropolises.1 Thus, while it is proper to refer to these nodes generally as "seats of modernization," close attention should be paid to the problems of disequilibrium and social stress within them. Accra, the capital of Ghana, was selected as a laboratory in which to examine the spatial dimensions of the transformations exhibited by a rapidly 2 For a general statement of the legacy of urbanization imposed upon the indigenous African landscapes by the Europeans see Southall [24].