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The theoretical basis for electromagnetically-induced focusing ͑EIF͒, which is caused by spatial variations in the coupling laser strength in an electromagnetically-induced transparency ͑EIT͒ experiment, is studied in detail. Using a numerical model it is shown that radial changes in both absorption and refractive index are important in predicting the probe beam's propagation conditions. Detailed calculations of the focusing and defocusing during EIF under various conditions are presented and compared with appropriate experiments. Diffractionlike patterns are predicted for, and observed on, a probe beam after propagation through a smaller EIT aperture.

An analysis of the basic approaches to flat panel autostereoscopic 3D display is presented, together with a discussion of the application of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) in this field. We show that of particular importance in the design of parallax barrier type displays is the diffractive performance of the barriers. A near field diffraction model is used to analyse the detailed illumination structure of the output and can be used to assess viewing freedom and cross talk considerations. A comparison between front and rear parallax barrier displays is given, and compared with experimental results. Recent