No abstract

The dehydration of secondary alcohols in refluxing hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPT) without added catalysts proceeds in good yield (70-98%) to afford unrearranged olefins.1 We now report stereochemical studies which partly elucidate the mechanism of the reaction.

Normal alkyl bromides are found to undergo ready dehydrobromination in hexamethylphosphoric trianiide at 1 80---210°, affording unrearranged alk-1-enes in good yield. BASE-CATALYSED dehydrohalogenations have been reportedto proceed smoothly in hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPT) . l p 2 Nucleophilic substitution reactions in this solvent, where the nucleophilic anions are considered to act as strong bases, are usually accompanied by elimination.3 Recently, dehydrobromination of a-bromo-ketones has been observed in HMPT with no basic agent present.*We report dehydrohalogenation of primary alkyl bro-

An artifactual signal splitting was observed for acetic acid during the capillary zone electrophoresis of wine acids. Further study revealed that other comparably weak acids, propionic and butync, show a similar split. Stronger carboxylic acids, formic, tartaric, malic, citric, and lactic acids showed no artifactual signal splits under the analysis conditions. Succinic acid showed intermediate behavior. The signal splitting could be eliminated by reducing the sample size and/or by employing the background electrolyte as the diluant.

No abstract