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Conflict of interest:FU is an inventor of 3 patents related to Wolfram syndrome treatment, US 9,891,231 "Soluble MANF in pancreatic beta-cell disorders, " and US 10,441,574 and US 10,695,324 "Treatment for Wolfram syndrome and other endoplasmic reticulum stress disorders. " JRM is an inventor on a patent and patent application relating to stem cell-derived pancreatic islets, US 10,030,229 "SC-β cells and compositions and methods for generating the same" and US application PCT/US2019/032643 "Methods and Compositions for Generating Cells of Endodermal Lineage and Beta Cells and Uses Thereof. " FU is a founder and president of CURE4WOLFRAM, Inc. JRM is a consultant for Sana Biotechnology. JC and JK are co-CEOs of and report personal fees from and equity holdings in Amylyx Pharmaceuticals Inc. JC and JK have 2 patents, "Compositions for improving cell viability and methods of use thereof" (US 9,872,865; US Patent 10,251,896; AU 2014242123; EP 14775675.3; and JP2016515575A) and "For improving the composition of cell viability and using the method for the composition" (CN105050593B), issued to Amylyx Pharmaceuticals Inc. JL reports personal fees from and equity holdings in Amylyx Pharmaceuticals Inc.

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