This paper identifies factors that influence the severity of interstate crash outcomes and how they vary depending on the location and manner of collision. Four separate injury severity models were developed to explore the differences and similarities in crash factors between single-and multi-vehicle crashes that occurred in rural and urban areas of the state. Random parameters multinomial logit with heterogeneity in means and variances modeling approach was used to account for unobserved heterogeneity in the crash data. The model estimation results show that some driver behavioral factors such as speeding, aggressive driving, failure to use seatbelt, and driving without a valid license were found to significantly contribute to some form of injury outcome. The influence of roadway features such as type of opposing lane separation, collision type, temporal and lighting conditions on crash outcomes were also explored. Some differences and similarities in the associations between these factors and crash injury severity based on the manner and location of crash were unraveled. These findings are expected to guide the implementation of crash countermeasures on interstates. The findings of this study further support the evidence for the analysis of subsets of crash data to unravel underlying complex relationships within factors that influence crash injury severity.

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University students' day-to-day lives largely depend on transportation. Public transit alternatives are not widely available in small-town, rural, and suburban collegiate environments in the United States (U.S.). In this study, an online survey was conducted among international students studying at The University of Alabama (UA) campus located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. The objective of this research was to investigate and analyze international student travel experiences in a city with a significant college-affiliated population, as well as to highlight, in particular, some of the transportation issues in the area. The survey results show that international students face various challenges in transportation in and around the campus, finding it difficult to travel within Tuscaloosa without a personal vehicle, as other modes of transportation including walking, biking, and using public transportation are not always convenient or reliable. The study findings may be of interest to transportation experts, city planners, university administrators, and college students who want to better understand travel-related challenges experienced by international students.